film processing errors

Penumbra seen on an image is due to

Movement of the patient

What will cause a film to be too light?

Underexposing

Developer cut-off will result in a ____ border.

Straight white

Excessive vertical angulation causes

Foreshortened tooth structures

Static from improperly handling film will appear to have which pattern on the finished film?

Lightning or star-burst

Extreme changes in temperature of solutions used during processing may produce a crackled film surface appearance called

Reticulation

When the film exits the film processor, you notice that it appears foggy and lacks detail. Which of the following could be a possible solution to prevent this from occurring with the next patient's film?

Eliminate light leaks

All of your anterior radiographs have a single crescent shaped radiolucent line toward the incisal edge of the radiograph. What is the most likely caused of this?

Improper opening of the film packet

When comparing current patient radiographs to radiographs taken several years ago, you noticed that the radiographs taken several years ago have a yellow-brown appearance. What is the cause of this?

Insufficient water bath

You have just developed a set of bitewings. When they come out of the automatic processor, the radiographs are clear. What is the cause of this error?

Fixer and developer tanks were switched.

You noticed that the top quarter of one of your bitewings is black. The other three bitewings that you put in the automatic processor were fine. What is the cause of this error?

Darkroom door was opened before film was completely in automatic processor.

The overall appearance of your films is too dark. Which of the following is the cause of this error?

Film was in the developer too long.

Films that are exposed to safelight illumination for more than 2 or 3 minutes will appear

Fogged

An exhausted developer produces a radiograph with ____ density and ____ contrast.

Reduced; reduced

Overdeveloped films may result from

Over concentrated developer solution

An unexposed film appears

Clear

An underexposed receptor results from

Insufficient exposure time

When overlapped contacts appear on a dental image, the cause is

Incorrect horizontal angulation

Long, distorted teeth appear on the image when

Vertical angulation is insufficient

A cone-cut occurs when

The PID was not properly aligned with the periapical receptor holder

Name this error

reticulation of emulsion

Name this error

elongation

Name this error

underdeveloped film

Name this error

cone cut

Name this error

overlapping