Abdominal Quadrants and Wall Anatomy

Transumbilical plane

Which plane divides the abdomen into upper and lower quadrants in the quadrant system?

Median plane

Which plane divides the abdomen into right and left halves in the quadrant system?

Right midclavicular, Left midclavicular, Subcostal, Transtubercular

What are the 4 planes that define the 9-region abdominal system?

Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac, Right lumbar (flank), Umbilical, Left lumbar (flank), Right inguinal, Hypogastric (pubic), Left inguinal

Name the 9 abdominal regions from top to bottom, right to left.

Lumbar (flank) region

Which abdominal region lies lateral to the midclavicular plane and between the subcostal and transtubercular planes?

Camper's fascia

What is the fatty, superficial layer of the superficial fascia called?

Skin, Camper's fascia, Scarpa's fascia, External oblique, Internal oblique, Transversus abdominis, Transversalis fascia, Extraperitoneal fat, Parietal peritoneum

What is the order of abdominal wall layers from superficial to deep (starting at skin)?

Transversus abdominis

Which is the deepest muscle layer of the anterolateral abdominal wall?

External oblique

Which abdominal muscle has fibers that run inferomedially ('hands in pockets' direction)?

Right external oblique + left internal oblique

What muscle pairing is primarily responsible for left trunk rotation?

Linea alba

What structure is formed at the midline by the merging of aponeuroses of the flat abdominal muscles?

Anterolateral abdominal wall

Why do we use the term 'anterolateral abdominal wall'?

Skin, Camper's fascia, Scarpa's fascia, Anterior rectus sheath, Rectus abdominis, Posterior rectus sheath, Transversalis fascia, Extraperitoneal fat, Parietal peritoneum

In a midline abdominal incision, what layers would a surgeon pass through to access the peritoneal cavity?

Activation of the transversus abdominis

Why is activation of the transversus abdominis important in rehab?