pharm 233 exam 1 part 1

name some opioids

codeine, morphine, methadone, fentanyl, hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol, hydromorphone, meperidine

therapeutic class of opioids

analgesic

method of action of opioids

binds to pain receptors in brain

opioids are used for:

moderate to severe pain

opioid contraindications

allergy, head injury, obesity, sleep apnea, respiratory insufficiency

drug interactions for opioids

CNS depressants

nursing implications for opioids

vitals, allergy, respiratory, gi, neuro, pain assessment(pqrst)

adverse effects of opioids

CNS depression, hypotension, respiratory depression, GI upset, itching, UTI, abuse potential

what drug class is ibuprofen

NSAID

what drug class is indomethacin

NSAID

what drug class is naproxen

NSAID

what drug class is ketorolac

NSAID

what drug class is meloxicam

NSAID

what therapeutic classes for NSAIDs

antipyretic, antinflammatory, analgesic

method of action for NSAIDs

inhibits prostaglandins which moderate pain

indications for NSAIDs

mild-moderate pain, arthritis, acute gout used with opioids for chronic pain relief

contraindications for NSAIDs

PUD, renal or hepatic problems, anticoags, bleeding problems, GI problems

nursing implications for NSAIDs

renal hepatic labs, hemoglobin, platelets, allergy

what are the renal/hepatic labs

BUN, AST, ALT, creatinine

adverse affects of NSAIDs

cardiovascular/ cerebrovascular event, GI upset, renal/liver failure, excessive bleeding

what are the drug(s) for salicylates?

acetylsalicylic acid

therapeutic classes for salicylates

antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory

method of action for salicylates

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

indications for salicylates

mild-moderate pain with inflammatory conditions, TIA, CVA, MI prevention, fever

contraindications for salicylates

PUD, bleeding, renal/liver problems, children with flu symptoms

children with flu symptoms should NOT be put on what medicine class?

salicylates

what can salicylates cause in children with flu symptoms?

Reyes disease

nursing implications for salicylates

vitals, labs (platelet, hemoglobin, BUN, AST, ALT, creatinine), CBC and LFT labs

salicylate adverse effects

excessive bleeding, tinnitus, GI upset, hepatic/renal failure, salicylate poisoning

what drug(s) are para-aminophenol derivatives?

acetominophen

therapeutic class(es) of para-aminophenol derivatives

antipyretic, analgesic

method of action for para-aminophenol derivatives

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

indications for para-aminophenol derivatives

fever, mild-moderate pain

contraindications for para-aminophenol derivatives

liver/kidney issues, anemia

drug interactions with para-aminophenol derivatives

other products with acetaminophen

nursing implications for para-aminophenol derivatives

monitor liver/kidney labs, watch for toxicity, blood labs for anemia, itching, rash

what drug is given for para-aminophenol derivative overdoes?

acetylcystine

adverse effects for para-aminophenol derivatives

toxicity, renal/hepatic failure, rash, itching, GI upset, anemia

what drug class is allopurinol?

antigout

what drug class is colchicine?

antigout

what drug class is probenecid?

antigout

what drug class is febuxostat?

antigout

what do antigout drugs address pathophysiologically?

overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid

antigout indications

patient with gout who doesn't respond to NSAIDs

contraindications of antigout meds

severe renal, cardiac, hepatic, GI dysfunction

nursing implications for antigout

always try NSAIDs first, pain assessment, GI assessment, labs, hydration, no alcohol or caffeine

what labs do you check for antigout?

CBC, uric acid, renal and hepatic

adverse affects for antigout drugs

GI distress, kidney stones, leukopenia