SPECIAL CONDITIONS

pyridoxine hcl and doxylamine succinate

treatment for mornign sickness in pregnancy

antacids

first line of defense against pyrosis

castor oil

it is avoided in constipation since it stimulates uterine contractions

mineral oil

it is avoided in constipation since it reduces absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin K

acetaminophen

pain in pregnancy

inhibits initiation of labor and may prolong labor

why is aspirin and ibuprofen avoided in pregnancy

terbutaline

used in late 2nd and early 3rd trimester to decrease uterine contractions

magnesium sulfate

calcium antagonist; relaxes uterine smooth muscle through Ca displacement

oxytocin

facilitates uterine smooth muscle contraction

dinoprostone

prostaglandin derivative; mostly for cervical ripening

terbutaline sulfate

antidote for uterine hyperstimulation

tetanic contractions

ergot derivatives/alkaloids are not used during labor because it causes..

methylergonovine maleate

most commonly used ergot derivative

pre existing/gestational hypertension or peripheral vascular disease; maternal sepsis, labor induction, threatened spontaneous abortion; pregnancy

contraindications for methylergonovine maleate

primary open-angle glaucoma

most common glaucoma;chronic condition that develops over time

primary glaucoma

d/t patholgic change within eye with no known cause

secondary glaucoma

glaucoma that occurs in response to a known cause

prostaglandin analogues

first line drugs for OPEN-ANGLE and OCULAR HYPERTENSION

decreases IOP by improving trabecular outflow and by increasing uveoscleral pathway

MOA of Prostaglandin analogues

at bedtime

when are prostaglandin analogues taken?

prostaglandin analgoues

generally better tolerated than alternative drugs for glaucoma

bimatropost, latanoprost, tafluprost, travoprost

drug examples for prostaglandin analogues

echothiophate

inactivates cholinesterase which breaks down acetylcholine

pilocarpine

cholinergic agonist for opthalmic problems

angle-closure glacuoma caused by infection

ci of cholinergic agents

moa of beta-adrenergic blockers

decreases IOP by decreasing production of aqueous humour

carteolol, levobunolol, timolol

nonselective betea-adrenergic blockers

betaxolol

selective beta-adrenergic blockers

moa fo apraclonidine and brimonidine

controls/prevents elevation of IOP by postsurgically by decreasing production and improving outflow and aqueous humor

ciliary body

major site of action of alpha-adrenergic agonists

MAOI therapy

absolute contraindication of alpha-adrenergic agonists (apraclonidine and brimondiine)

alpha blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, CNS depressants

alpha adrenergic agonists are used in caution with..

alpha-adrenergic agonsts

used when opthalmic beta-adrenergic agonists are contraindicated