Unit 1 Bio: Chemistry of Life

Surface tension

force needed to break through the surface of a liquid 

(e.g. if a paper clip sank in the water, you broke through the surface; the force broke through the hydrogen bonds, so it sank)

Cohesion

form hydrogen bonds between molecules of the same type  

(e.g. water - water)

Adhesion

form hydrogen bonds between 2 different molecules             

(e.g. water - glass)

Capillary Action

movement of water as a result of cohesion and adhesion

(e.g. water moving up trees/plants from the soil)

Specific Heat

amount of heat needed to raise 1 gram of a substance 1°C

• (this) varies depending on what type of particle you’re working with!

Evaporative Cooling

a process that uses the evaporation of water to remove heat from a surface/cool the air

(e.g. when we sweat, the molecules evaporate/turn into gas)

Kinetic Energy

“energy of motion”

• Anything that moves has (this)!

Thermal Energy

the kinetic energy of randomly moving particles within a substance

Dehydration synthesis

when you remove water , which joins molecules together

Hydrolysis

breaks down large molecules by adding water

Base

-OH, accepts H+ (H+ acceptor)

Acid

donates H+ (H+ donor)