Procedures-Respiratory System, Thorax, and Abdomen

What does the root word “thromb” mean?

Clot

Which of the following refers to acute chest pain due to inadequate oxygen supply?

Angina pectoris

What does the term “metastasis” mean?

Spread of cancer to a distant site

When radiographing the sternum, which oblique is preferred?

RAO

How many chambers are there in the heart?

4

Which of the following refers to a person’s heart beating irregularly?

Arrhythmia

Leukemia is a disease that results from an unrestrained growth of which type of cell?

White blood cell

Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of which of the following organs?

Liver

How many pairs of ribs are considered true ribs?

7

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the mediastinum?

Sternum

What do you call the lower, outer margins of the lung, at the junction of the ribs and diaphragm?

Costophrenic angle

A patient hurts in the left anterior part of the thorax, which oblique would best show this area?

RAO

What does the root word “nephr” mean?

Kidney

What is the breathing instructions for the lateral sternum?

Hold on inspiration

A position in which the midsagittal plane does NOT form a right angle with the image receptor or CR, is called what?

Oblique

Which of the following diseases is characterized by a hypersensitivity to various allergens?

Bronchial asthma

Which of the following terms describes angling the x-ray tube towards the head?

Cephalad

Which of the following terms describes angling the x-ray tube towards the feet?

Caudad

What are blood vessels called that carry blood away from the heart?

Arteries

What is it called when fluid collects in the pleural space?

Pleural effusion

Which of the following structures would NOT be found in the mediastinum?

Epiglottis

What is a blood clot called that has formed within a vessel?

A thrombus

Which bone would be radiographed to demonstrate the manubrium?

Sternum

What do you call the heart muscle?

Myocardium

Which of the following terms describes hematuria?

Blood in the urine

What do you call the contracting phase of the heart?

Systole

What is the name of the plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves?

Midsagittal plane

Which of the following structures serves as a passageway for both food and air?

Pharynx

Why should the chin be extended when doing either a PA or lateral chest radiograph?

To demonstrate the lung apices

Which of the following is NOT considered part of the bony thorax?

Lumbar spine

Which hemidiaphragm is usually located more superior?

Right

What is another name for the midsagittal plane?

Median plane

Which of the following best describes the Fowler position?

Feet lower than head

What are the vessels called that carry blood to and from the lugs?

Pulmonary

The sudden stoppage of heart action is referred to as what?

Cardiac arrest

Which of the following terms describes a tumor and actually means “new growth”?

Neoplasm

Which of the following is a serious state of shock resulting from an allergic reaction?

Anaphylactic shock

What do you call a blue coloration of tissue, caused by a lack of oxygen?

Cyanosis

The variations in the form or shape of the patient’s body is known as what?

Body habitus

A patient who is lacking a substance in the blood for clotting is suffering from what condition?

Hemophilia

The xiphoid process is part of which of the following bones?

Sternum

The sternum articulates with which of the following?

Clavicle

An upper respiratory disease would be located where?

1. Nose and throat

2. Trachea

3. Bronchi

1 only

What term is used to describe the front half of the body, a structure, or an organ?

Anterior

What do you call the organ of voice?

Larynx

Which of the following prefixes means “painful”?

Dys-

Standing erect, facing forward with the palms of the hands forward, describes which of the following?

Anatomic position

Why are chest radiographs taken PA rather than AP?

To minimize heart magnification

When a patient is in an RAO position, which body part is closest to the image receptor?

Right anterior side

What is the main artery of the systemic circulation?

Aorta

What is the disease of smokers that is characterized by inflammation of the lungs with trapped air in the alveoli?

Emphysema

Which of the following is NOT part of the heart?

Superior vena cava

In which direction does the diaphragm move on inspiration?

Inferiorly

Which position/projection of the chest would best demonstrate a pleural effusion around the left lung?

Left lateral decubitus

A patient with a knife wound to the chest might demonstrate which of the following in his chest radiograph?

1. Pneumothorax

2. Hemothorax

3. Atelectasis

All 3

A patient who has an elevated blood glucose level would be describes as being what?

Hyperglycemic

What muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Diaphragm

What position of the chest has the patient standing erect and leaning backward to rest their shoulders against the IR?

Apical lordotic

Which of the following is an acute infectious disease that primarily affects lymphoid tissue?

Mononucleosis

A patient who has gallstones is said to have what condition?

Cholelithiasis

When inserting an enema tip, what position is the patient in?

Sim’s

What is the area called where the bronchi enter the lungs?

Hilum

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the pylorus and duodenal loop?

RAO

What would the position be referred to if the patient was lying down and the x-ray tube was directed horizontally?

Decubitus

Which of the following should be done to best visualize the sternum during a lateral projection?

1. Long SID

2. Suspend respiration at inspiration

3. If erect, shoulders and arms drawn back

All 3

Which of the following is broken down into the two major categories of “gross” and “microscopic”?

Hematuria

A chronic dilation and distention of the bronchi with subsequent infection is known as what?

Bronchiectasis

Which body plane is centered to the CR for a supine abdominal radiograph?

Midsagittal

Which one radiograph is the most important in a rib series involving recent trauma?

Erect chest

What do you call the portion of the lung that lies above the clavicles?

Apex

What is the name of the condition where fluid collects in the space between the visceral and parietal pleura?

Pleural effusion

A patient suffering from gastritis has which of the following problems?

Inflammation of the stomach

What is the name of the disease that is best known as “hardening of the arteries”?

Atherosclerosis

What is it called when a woman reaches an age when her menstrual cycle stops?

Menopause

What is the meaning of the root word “angi”?

Vessel

Which of the following is a lower respiratory disease?

Bronchitis

Which of the following is the root word that means “rib”?

Costa

Which of the following is the root word that means “heart”?

Cardi

The technical name for lung cancer is which of the following?

Bronchogenic carcinoma

How are the floating ribs best visualized?

Below the diaphragm

What is the name of the area in the thoracic cavity located between the lungs?

Mediastinum

When the patient is lying on his stomach, he is said to be in which position?

Prone

Which set of conditions would allow the diaphragm to descend to its most inferior position?

Patient erect; inspiration

What breathing instructions should be given to a patient for a below the diaphragm radiograph of the ribs?

Expiration

Which of the following is the technical name for high blood pressure?

Hypertension

Which of the following is the preferred SID for radiography of the heart and lungs?

72 inches

What is the name of the cartilage that prevents food from entering the larynx during swallowing?

Epiglottis

A patient whose blood is lacking in those components that provide the immune response may have what?

AIDS

What are the basic positions/projection for a radiographic examination of the chest?

PA and left lateral

Which of the following is the sac that surrounds the heart?

Pericardium

How many ribs should be showing above the diaphragm on a PA chest radiograph on deep inspiration?

10

Which two projections/positions would best demonstrate a right anterior rib injury?

PA and LAO

Under what circumstances should a chest be done supine rather than erect?

1. Patient is unconscious

2. Patient cannot sit up

3. Patient complains of dizziness

All 3

Which of the following conditions of the chest would usually require a decrease in exposure factors to compensate?

Emphysema

Which of the following root words means “blood”?

Hemat

What is the name of the prominent, anterior end of the iliac crest?

Anterior superior iliac spine

Where is the trachea situated in relationship to the esophagus?

Anterior

What do you call the inferior end of the sternum?

Xiphoid process

Where are the patient’s arms placed for an erect lateral position of the chest?

Over the patient’s head

The left bronchus divides into how many branches?

2