saxrament review

Baptism: Institution

Christ's own baptism by John in the Jordan River and His command to the Apostles to "baptize all nations."

Baptism: Matter & Form

Matter: Water (immersion or pouring) | Form: "I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit."

Baptism: Minister

Ordinary: Bishop, Priest, or Deacon | Extraordinary: Anyone in an absolute emergency.

Baptism: Core Effects

Cleanses all sin (Original and personal), births us into divine life as children of God, and imprints an indelible spiritual character.

Confirmation: Institution

Christ promising and sending the Holy Spirit upon the Church at Pentecost.

Confirmation: Matter & Form

Matter: Sacred Chrism (oil) and the laying on of hands | Form: "Be sealed with the Gift of the Holy Spirit."

Confirmation: Minister

Ordinary: Bishop | Extraordinary: A priest explicitly delegated by the bishop (such as at the Easter Vigil).

Confirmation: Core Effects

Completes Baptismal grace, deepens the gifts of the Holy Spirit, and strengthens the soul to witness to the faith.

Eucharist: Institution

Christ at the Last Supper when He broke bread, changed it into His body and blood, and said, "Do this in memory of me."

Eucharist: Matter & Form

Matter: Unleavened wheat bread and grape wine | Form: The words of Consecration ("This is my Body… This is the chalice of my Blood…").

Eucharist: Minister

Ordained Bishop or Priest only (transubstantiation cannot be performed by a deacon or laity).

Eucharist: Core Effects

Intimate union with Christ, forgiveness of venial sins, preservation from future mortal sins, and building up the unity of the Church body.

Reconciliation: Institution

Christ breathing on the Apostles after the Resurrection, saying, "Whose sins you forgive are forgiven them."

Reconciliation: Matter & Form

Matter: The penitent's contrition, verbal confession, and penance | Form: The words of absolution ("I absolve you from your sins…").

Reconciliation: Minister

Ordained Bishop or Priest bound by the absolute seal of confession.

Reconciliation: Core Effects

Forgiveness of all confessed sins, reconciliation with God and the Church, restoration of sanctifying grace, and peace of conscience.

Anointing of the Sick: Institution

Christ's healing ministry and the instructions in James 5 to "anoint the sick with oil in the name of the Lord."

Anointing of the Sick: Matter & Form

Matter: Anointing with the Oil of the Sick on the forehead and hands | Form: "Through this holy anointing… may the Lord assist you."

Anointing of the Sick: Minister

Ordained Bishop or Priest only.

Anointing of the Sick: Core Effects

Spiritual healing, strength and peace against despair, forgiveness of sins if unable to confess, and preparation for passing into eternal life.

Holy Orders: Institution

Christ at the Last Supper when He instituted the priesthood, commanding His Apostles to continue the Eucharistic sacrifice.

Holy Orders: Matter & Form

Matter: The Bishop laying his hands upon the candidate's head in silence | Form: The Bishop's specific prayer of consecration.

Holy Orders: Minister

Validly ordained Bishop only.

Holy Orders: Core Effects

Imprints an indelible spiritual character, configures the man to Christ as Priest, Teacher, and Pastor, and grants the grace to govern.

Matrimony: Institution

Christ raising marriage to a Sacrament at the Wedding at Cana and teaching that "what God has joined, let no man put asunder."

Matrimony: Matter & Form

Matter: The mutual consent of the baptized man and woman and the physical consummation | Form: The exchange of wedding vows.

Matrimony: Minister

The couple themselves (man and woman) who administer it to each other; the priest/deacon acts as the Church's official witness.

Matrimony: Core Effects

Binds the couple in an indissoluble, lifelong bond, elevates human marriage to mirror Christ’s love for the Church, and grants grace for family life.