Lesson 11 - Key Figures in Functionalism and Animal models

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How did the Reflex Arc Concept impact psychology?

Influenced educational psychology by emphasizing learning by doing.

What was James Rowland Angell's belief about psychology?

Psychology should focus on mental operations and how they help organisms adapt to environments.

What did James Rowland Angell clarify in functional psychology?

He argued that the mind is a mediator between the environment and behavior.

What impact did James Rowland Angell have on psychology?

Functional psychology focuses on mental operations

Mental processes help connect what the body needs with the environment, helping the organism survive.

The mind and body work together as one—they can’t be separated

What belief did George Romanes hold regarding animals?

He believed that animals possess human-like consciousness and can make choices.

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What was a criticism of George Romanes' work?

He was criticized for anthropomorphism.

What impact did George Romanes have on psychology?

He introduced the study of animal intelligence, influencing the development of animal models despite methodological flaws.

What belief did Conwy Lloyd Morgan emphasize regarding animal behavior?

He emphasized parsimonious interpretations of animal behavior through 'Morgan's Canon.'

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What impact did Conwy Lloyd Morgan have on psychology?

Believed that both human and animal behavior is purposeful and that these purposes are experienced mentally, but he rejected the notion of applying human thoughts to animals

What belief did Edward Thorndike hold about learning?

Learning happens through trial and error; responses followed by satisfaction are more likely to recur.

What laws did Edward Thorndike formulate?

The Law of Effect and the Law of Exercise.

What impact did Edward Thorndike have on psychology?

His work with puzzle boxes became a foundation for instrumental conditioning and behavioral learning theory.

What model did Robert S. Woodworth introduce?

The S-O-R model (Stimulus-Organism-Response).

What does the S-O-R model assert?

The organism's state mediates stimulus-response.

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What impact did Robert S. Woodworth have on psychology?

Developed one of the first personality tests, influencing psychometrics.