vitamin d

what are the natural food sources of vitamin d

• fish

• liver

• milk, sun-dried tomatoes and mushrooms (ergocalciferoll)

what are the fortified foods with vitamin d

• milk (fortified by law)

• margarine

what is a non-food source of vitamin d

sunlight

• but only through april - oct

what is the RDA for vitamin d

15 microgram/day (1-70)

800 I.U or 20 microgram/day (>70)

what is the key role of vitamin d

maintain blood conc.

• nerve conduction

• enzyme reaction

• muscle contraction + relaxation

what are the other functions of vitamin d

• stimulate ca absorp from GIT

• draw Ca out of bone

  • short-term response to low dietary Ca

• reduce Ca losses in kidney in urine

what is the percentage of vitamin d is used for calcium (bones and teeth)

> 99% and <1% for blood

what is the main theme of vitamin d deficiency

affects bones

what is vitamin d deficiency in children

• called rickets

• lack of vit D = lack of bone

  • no hardening = bends

what is vitamin d deficiency in adults

• osteomalacia

  • softening of bones

• demineralization

  • hard → soft

= fractures

what is osteoporosis

lack of dietary calcium

who is at greatest risk of vitamin d deficiency

• dietary lack

• lack of sun

• malabsorption` of fat

• older adults

  • lower organ function

  • institutionalized (working)

• infants

  • breastfed not enough

  • vegan diet

• children 1-3 (growing rapidly)

• preadol + adolescence

what is the absorption and metabolism of vitamin d

• high vit D enter GIT

• binding pro. + D2 + D3

  • vit D from skin joins

• go to liver

what is vitamin d from the skin called

cholecalciferol

what does D2/D3 do as it leaves the liver

make 25(OH)D and it goes to the kidney

what is 25(OH)D converted to in kidney

1, 25(OH)2D

• can be though of as a hormone

• which is now active vitamin D

what is active vitamin d also called

calcitriol

what is the UL for vitamin D

• 100 microgram

what is the RDA for vitamin D

15 microgram x 40 = 600 I.U

what are the toxicity symptoms for vitamin d

Ca deposits in soft tissues

• (kidney stones, heart, lung, blood vessels)