Fundamentals of Programming Concepts and Terminology

Compiler

software that translates code written in a high level programming language into something the computer can read (machine language)

While-loop

loop that iterates over the code as long as the given condition remains true

For-loop

loop that iterates over code a specified number of times

C

coding language used in this class

If statement

conditional statement comprised of an 'if' clause, 0 or more 'else if' clauses, and an optional 'else' clause. It allows you to run lines of code when a certain condition is met.

Operating System

software that runs behind the scenes on a computer. It handles files, aesthetics, input/output, memory, and network connections

Memory

electronic components of a computer used to store data. This is very quick to access

Disk

storage device that holds memory even when the computer is off

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

hardware that sends signals to control other parts of the computer, like its brain

Algorithm

step by step instructions coded to solve a specific problem

Code

typed instructions that can be interpreted and run on a computer

Variable

a stored quantity in code that can be referenced or changed later within its active area (also called scope)

Integer

positive numbers, negative numbers, and 0

Float

decimals