Skull +Vertebral column (+Facial parts)

What two types of skeleton does the skull

include?

Cranium and Facial skeleton

How many bones are in the cranium and facial

skeleton?

The cranium consists of 8 bones

Facial skeleton comprises 14 bones, totaling 22

bones combined.

What is the one movable bone called?

Mandible

21 of the skull bones interlock along what?

Sutures

What are the eight cranial bones?

Frontal , 2 parietal, 2 temporal, occipital,

sphenoid, and ethmoid

At what suture does the Parietal bone meet

the frontal bone?

Coronal suture

What suture does both Parietal bones meet?

Sagittal suture

What is the function of the occipital bone?

Base of cranium and joins the parietal bones

What suture joins the occipital bone and

parietal bones?

Lambdoidal suture

Function of Temporal bones

• Form sides and base of cranium

• Joins parietal bones

What suture joins the temporal and parietal

bones?

Squamosal Suture

Where is the Sphenoid

bone located

C; Centrally located

Where is the Ethmoid

bone located?

D; Located on each side of nasal cavity

Function of Ethmoid bone?

Forms the nasal septum

Why is the process of the cranium important?

It is a prominent projection on a bone

What are the two processes on the temporal

bones?

1. Mastoid process

2. Styloid process

Function of the Mastoid process?

It provides attachment for certain muscles of

the neck (rounded).

Function of the Styloid process?

Anchors muscles associated with the tongue

and pharynx. (Long and pointed).

What is the process on the occipital bone

called?

Occipital condyles

Function of the occipital condyles

articulates with first vertebra of vertebral

column

What are the facial skeleton bones?

2 Maxillary, 2 Palatine, 2 Zygomatic, 2 Lacrimal,

2 Nasal, Vomer, 2 Inferior nasal conchae, and

Mandible.

Location and function of Maxillary Bones?

F; forms roof of mouth palate and contains

sockets of the upper teeth

Location and function of

Palatine bones?

C (L-shaped bones); forms posterior section of

the hard palate and lateral walls of the nasal

cavity

Location and function of

Zygomatic bones?

E; forms the cheeks

Location and function of

Lacrimal bone?

B (Within orbit eye socket); a small bone

forming part of the eye socket

Location and function of

nasal bone?

A (Rectangular-shaped); upper, central part of

the face; fuses at the bridge of nose

Location and function of

vomer?

G (midline of the nasal cavity); together with

ethmoid bone forms the nasal septum

Location and function of

inferior nasal concha

bone?

D (attached to the lateral walls of the nasal

cavity); to warm, humidify, and filter the air you

breathe

Location and function of

Mandible?

H ; mastication (chewing), speech, and

supporting the lower set of teeth

What are the processes of the mandible?

Mandibular condyle and Coronoid process

What happens in the mandibular condyle

process?

articulates with temporal bones

What happens in the Coronoid process?

attachment for muscles used in chewing

The vertebral column extends from __ to __ ?

Skull to pelvis

What does the vertebral column consist of?

Vertebrae, Intervertebral disks, and Ligaments

(connects each vertebra to each other)

Purpose of vertebral column?

Supports head and trunk and protects spinal

cord

What are the regions of the Vertebral Column?

7 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 Lumbar, Sacral, and

Coccygeal

Location of cervical vertebrae?

located at the neck (designed C1-C7)

What are the two important cervical vertebrae?

Atlas (C1) and Axis (C2)

Function of Atlas

supports and balances the bead

Function of the axis

allows the atlas to pivot about its process

Function of Thoracic vertebrae?

• protect the spinal cord, support the rib cage

and thoracic cage, and provide attachment

points for muscles that allow for body

movement

• (increases in size as it moves down the

column)

• (T1-T12)

Function of Lumber Vertebrae?

• can support more weight than cervical and

thoracic vertebrae

• (L1-L5)

What is the Sacral vertebrae?

5 fused vertebrae

What is the coccygeal vertebrae?

4 fused vertebrae

What are the vertebral column curvatures that

gives resiliency?

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumber, Pelvic

What are the vertebral parts

Vertebral body, Pedicles, Lamina, Vertebral

foramen, Transverse process, Spinous process

Location of vertebral body?

F; located anteriorly

Location of Pedicles?

B

Location and function of lamina?

D; connects pedicles

Location and function of Vertebral foramen?

C; Space allows the spinal cord to pass

Location and function of Transverse process?

E; projects laterally and posteriorly

Location and function of Spinous Process?

A; bony projections located posteriorly