ENGINEERING UTILITIES

sediment filter

removes dirt, dust, rust, and other suspended solids

carbon filter

remove smaller particles in water

osmosis filter

use is an advanced osmosis filter.

sediment filter, carbon filter, osmosis filter

THREE PHASES OF WATER PURIFICATION

ion exchange, granular activated carbon, sediment filter, reversed osmosis, five micron carbon block filter, ultraviolet disinfection, five carbon sediment filter, ozonation, storage & recirculation, purified water dispensing

10 STAGES OF DRINKING WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS

ion exchange

exchange effectively removes the minerals responsible for “hard water.” removes various heavy metals.

granular activated carbon

1. which removes chlorine, pesticides, herbicides, and other organic contaminants.

sediment filter

traps larger particles such as sand, dirt, or grit. remove these large particles very early in the process to prevent fouling and clogging. 

reversed osmosis

centerpiece of the home environment center’s water purification process. height pressure forces water across a membrane, leaving impurities behind. produces great-tasting water with a purity level  

five micron carbon block filter

filter is designed to capture particles larger than five millionths of a meter. It also serves as a final polishing vehicle, giving the water its “sweetwater” taste.  

ultraviolet disinfection

acts as a powerful sterilization agent. if any bacteria, viruses, or other microbiological contaminants are present, the UV light destroys them. 

five micron sediment filter

protective device designed to maintain system integrity during servicing so that the final product holding tank is not compromised. 

ozonation

powerful and is capable of oxidizing a range of contaminants, impurities, and organisms 

storage & recirculation

the water now moves into a storage tank of FDA approved. During recirculation, additional ozone is periodically added to maintain the sterile, bacteria-free condition of the system. 

purified water dispensing

the water dispensers use stainless steel on all water contact surfaces. As the water passes through the dispenser into the bottle. 

aquifer

rock that can contain or transmit groundwater

arsenic

highly poisonous metallic element. it occurs in three chemically different forms, which also vary by color (yellow, black and gray). 

bacteria

single-celled organisms. these dwell nearly everywhere on Earth, from the bottom of the sea to inside other living organisms 

calcium

chemical element which is common in minerals of the Earth’s crust and in sea salt.

chemical

substance formed from two or more atoms that unite (bond) in a fixed proportion and structure. 

contaminant

chemical, biological or other substance that is unwanted or unnatural in an environment. some contaminants may be harmful in the amounts at which they occur or if they are allowed to build up in the body 

corrosion

chemical reaction in which metals react with gases or other materials in their environment and undergo a type of degradation. 

electric charge

the physical property responsible for electric force; it can be negative or positive.

electricity

describes the movement of electrons to produce electric current, a phenomenon understood through the core concepts of current, voltage, and resistance. 

electricity always want to flow from negative to positive voltage, electricity always has a work to be done, electricity always needs a path to travel.

THREE BASIC RULE OF ELECTRICITY

ohms law

describes the direct relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electric circuit. 

static, current

TWO TYPES OF ELECTRICITY

battery, connecting wire, switch, any electric load

FOUR BASIC ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICITY CIRCUIT

electric utility

is a company in the electric power industry (often a public utility) that engages in electricity generation and distribution of electricity

electricity market

are also considered electric utilities these entities buy and sell electricity,

electric power system

group of generation, transmission, distribution, communication, and other facilities that are physically connected. 

basic electrical system

consists of a power source, connected by a conductor to a load device, and controlled by a switch, allowing the flow of electrons to power a load. 

electrical system in a house

heart of your home's electrical system is the electrical service panel, commonly known as the breaker or fuse box. 

main breaker

• large switch that controls the power supply in the entire house. 

the source of electrical energy, the transmission, the control, the load

FOUR ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

12 volt

type of electricity you can find in an automobile. 

alternating current, direct current

TWO TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT

alternating current

• used for residential and commercial buildings (flexible to change in volts for transmission)

direct current

• flows steadily in only one direction. 

wires, switched, resistors, capacitors, light bulb, inductors, diodes, transistor

7 ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

electric control system

set of automated devices that control the transformation, transportation, and distribution of electrical energy in equipment. 

hot, neutral

TWO CONDUCTORS

fossil fuels, nuclear energy, renewable energy

3 SOURCES TO PROVIDE ELECTRICITY

electrical, heating, plumbing, air

4 SYSTEM FOUND IN A HOUSE

circuit breaker

an electrical safety device, a switch that automatically interrupts the current of an overloaded electric circuit, ground faults, or short circuits. 

series, parallel

TWO KIND OF CIRCUIT

series

• only one path for the current

parallel

• there are multiple pathways or branches.

line 1 to neutral, line 2 to neutral

• used to power 120 volt lighting. 

line 1 to line 2

• 240 volt phase loads such as water heater, electric range, or air conditioner.

live wire, neutral wire, earth wire

THREE WIRES

220 volt

service is utilized for larger electrical appliances. 

220 volt

service is utilized for larger electrical appliances. 

hot wire

 (often black or red) carry power from the power source to the load. 

battery

use chemistry, in the form of chemical potential, to store energy, just like many other everyday energy sources.

mechanical, electrical, chemical, radiant, thermal, sound, nuclear

7 MAIN TYPES OF MAIN ENERGY (M E C R T S N)