AP world flashcards (copy)

Islamic Mysticism

Focus on mystical experiences that bring adherents closer to the divine, often through prayer and meditation.

Four Noble Truths

Core tenets of Buddhism: (1) all life is suffering, (2) suffering is caused by desire, (3) one can be free from desire, and (4) freedom from desire follows a prescribed path.

Confucianism

A belief system founded by Confucius, focusing on restoring political and social order using relational ethics and virtues.

Christianity

A major world religion founded on the teachings of Jesus Christ, emphasizing love, forgiveness, and salvation through faith.

Hinduism

An ancient religion from India that includes beliefs in a supreme force (Brahma), reincarnation, and a caste system.

The Enlightenment

An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.

Marxism

A political and economic theory developed by Karl Marx advocating for a classless society and the abolition of private property.

Mercantilism

An economic theory centered on government regulation of a nation's economy for augmenting state power, with an emphasis on a favorable balance of trade.

Colonialism

A practice of domination involving the subjugation of one people to another, typically involving economic exploitation and cultural transformation.

Protestant Reformation

A 16th-century religious movement against the abuses and practices of the Roman Catholic Church leading to the establishment of Protestant churches.

Bubonic Plague

A devastating global epidemic that struck Europe in the 14th century, killing approximately one third of its population.

Cold War

A period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States from the end of World War II to the early 1990s.

Decolonization

The process by which colonies gain independence from colonial powers, particularly prominent in the mid-20th century.

Zionism

A nationalist movement for the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine, particularly in response to anti-Semitism.

Globalization

The process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among countries, often influenced by trade, communication, and technology.