Exam 2 Advanced Med Surg

with help from Mark K!

As the ______ goes, so goes _______________ except for __________

pH, my patient, potassium

If the ________ and the B_______ are B______ in the same direction, then it is metaB_______

pH, Bicarb (CO3), Both, metaBolic

If the pH is up it is:

ALKALOSIS

Alkalosis Signs and Symptoms

increased, elevated, tachy, irritable, diarrhea, hyper, excitable… anything that causes the body to go up

If the pH is down it is:

ACIDOSIS

Low pH is a ______ potassium

high

High pH is a ______ potassium

low

Normal pH range

7.35 to 7.45

Normal O2 (PaCO2) range

35-45

Normal CO3 (Bicarb-HCO3)

22-26

Acidosis or Alkalosis state is determined by:

pH

NEVER compensated if pH is

abnormal

Acidosis Signs and Symptoms:

suppressed, decrease, brady, hypo constipation…. anything that causes the body to go down 

MacKussmaul

abnormal respiratory pattern - metabolic acidosis

anorexia

poor appetite (this is not the same as anorexia nervosa) 

Lungs/Ventilation

Respiratory

If the pt has prolonged vomiting or suction (days)

metabolic alkalosis (rare answer, never guess this)

When you don’t know what to choose always pick:

Respiratory acid/alkalosis

Metabolic acid/alkalosis 

metabolic acidosis

High pressure alarms are triggered by:

INCREASED resistance/ obstructions (3 types)

Three types of obstructions in ventilators

kink, water, mucus

Kink Obstruction action

unkink

Water Obstruction action

drain from the in-line drain

never open it- exposure to contaminants

Mucus Obstruction action

turn the pt. have them cough and deep breath

suction ONLY if needed

Low pressure alarm is caused by

disconnections —> clean and reconnect (as long as not on floor)

WEAN means:

gradually reducing support for a patient to promote independence in breathing or other functions.