CH 9 - obstetrics and neonatology medical terms

CF for amnion, amniotic fluid

amni/o, amnion/o

CF for chorion

chori/o

CF for fetus

fet/o

cf for pregnancy

gravid/o

cf for milk

lact/o

cf for birth

nat/o

cf for bear, giver birth to, labor, childbirth

par/o, part/o, puerper/o

cf for head

cephal/o

cf for vulva

episi/o

cf for esophagus

esophag/o

cf for water

hydr/o

cf for uterus

hyster/o

cf for first

prim/i

cf for false

pseud/o

cf for pylorus, pyloric sphincter

pylor/o

cf for malformations

terat/o

cf for trachea

trache/o

prefix for before

ante- ; pre-

prefix for none

nulli-

prefix for within

intra-

prefix for after

post-

noun suffix w no meaning

-a, -e, -um, -us

suffix for amnion, amniotic fluid

-amnios

-centesis suffix meaning

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid

suffix for pregnancy

-cyesis

suffix meaning softening

-malacia

suffix meaning rupture

-rrhexis

CF FOR UMBILICUS, NAVEL

OMPHAL/O

Dystocia

difficult labor

pseudocyesis

false pregnancy

abortion abbreviation

AB

abruptio placentae

premature separation of placenta from uterine wall

• can cause antepartum hemorrhage (sever bleeding before birth)

  • aka placental abruption

eclampsia

severe complication and progression of preeclampsia

ectopic pregnancy

nonviable pregnancy occurring outside of uterus, commonly in fallopian tubes ; life threatening if left untreated

placenta accreta spectrum (PAS)

growth of placenta into uterine wall resulting in inability to detach ; risk of postpartum hemorrhage

• accreta - small growth

• increta - medium growth

• percreta - seere growth

placenta previa

abnormally low implantation of the placenta on the uterine wall completely or partially covering cervix

• c-section is necessary with severe hemmorhage

preeclampsia

abnormal condition encountered during pregnancy or shortly after delivered characterized by high bP and proteinuria w/o convulsions; can progress to eclampsia and cause is unknown

laryngomalacia causes what in infants

inhalation stridor in infants (blocks larynx in airway)

onphacele

hernia at umbilicus (part of intestine protrudes through abdominal wall at birth)

pyloric stenosis

narrowing pertaining to the pyloric sphincter

-stenosis means

narrowing

cleft lip or palate

congenital split of the lip or roof of the mouth (1 or both may be present(

• cleft indicates a fissure

coarctation of the aorta

congenital stenosis (narrowing) that occurs in the arch of the aorta

congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection

herpes-type virus that crosses the placenta (symptoms or asymptomatic)

down syndrome

extra 21st chromosome

• aka trisomy 21

erythroblastosis fetalis

destruction of red blood cells in fetus and newborns

• aka hemolytic disease of the newborn

esophageal atresia

congenital absence of part of the esophagus

• food cant pass from bbys mouth to stomach

gastroschisis

congenital fissure of the abdominal wall that is not at the umbilicus

• enterocele (protrusion of intestine) is usually present

RDS stands for

respiratory distress syndrome

spina bifida

congenital defect in vertebral column caused by the failure of the vertebral arch to close

• meninges protrusion = meningocele

• meninges and spinal cord protrusion = myelomeningocele

fistula

abnormal passageway

amniotomy

incision into the amnion to induce labor

episiotomy

incision into vulva (perimeum) to prevent traumatic tear

• aka perineotomy

cervical cerclage

suturing the cervix closed to prevent dilation and premature delivery

amniocentesis

surgical puncture to aspirate amniotic fluid and assess prenatal fetal health and maturity

• ultrasound guides needle

nuchal translucency screening

ultrasound test to check the back of fetal neck for extra fluid

• 11-13 wks of pregnancy

  • may reveal down syndrome or other congenital risks

quad screen

blood test that measures 4 hormone levels that can reveal risk of certain disorders

• measures levels of alphafetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin

  • can indicate down syndrome (trisomy 21), trisomy 18, and neural tube defects like spina bfida

apgar score

assess physical condition of baby 1-5 minutes after birth

• 5 critera: HR, muscle tone, RR, response to stimulation, and color

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Prenatal test that takes sample of the area of blood supply in the placenta and tests for chromosomal and other genetic problems

• small risk of miscarriage so only performed on high-risk pregnancies

amniorrhea

discharge (escape) of amniotic fluid

amniorrhexis

rupture of the amnion

lactorrhea

(spontaneous) discharge of milk

• aka galactorrhea

antepartum

before mother gives birth

gravidopuerperal

pertaining to pregnancy and childrbirth (until reproductive organs return to normal after delivery)

intrapartum

during labor and childbirth

lactogenic

producing milk by stimulation

multigravida

2+ pregnancies

multipara (multip)

2+ viable births

nulligravida

no pregnancies

nullipara

no viable births

para

birth

primigravida

first pregnancy

primipara

first viable (20+weeks) birth

puerperal

pertaining to childbirth (immediately after to when reproductive organs are normal)

colostrum

thin milky fluid produced days after birth before lactation

lochia

vaginal discharge after birth

quickening

fist feeling of movement of fetus in utero by pregnant woman (usually 16-20wks)

breech presentation

butt, feet, or knees first

cephalic presentation

head first (most common)

in vitro

out of body

in vivo

in living body

parturition

act of giving birth

lactation

secretion of milk

congenital anomaly

abnormality at birth (often discovered during gestation)

meconium

first stool of newborn; is greenish-black

gavage

process of feeding through a tube (for critically ill newborns)

premature infant

born before 37 wks of gestation

• aka preterm infant

stillborn

born dead

APH

antepartum hemorrhage

CMV

cytomegalovirus

FAS

fetal alcohol syndrome

PAS

placenta accreta spectrum

PPH

postpartum hemorrhage

RDS

respiratory distress syndrome

CVS

chorionic villus sampling

cesarean section

CS, C-section

IVF

in vitro fertilization

VBAC

vaginal birth after cesarean