AP US Government: Democracy Models, Enlightenment Influences, and Constitutional Principles

Which democratic model is most consistent with citizens governing primarily through elected representatives?

The representative democracy model.

Which model of democracy best matches the claim that a small, wealthy minority tends to dominate policymaking?

Elite democracy model.

Which model of democracy best matches the idea that policy results from bargaining among organized interests?

Pluralist democracy model.

Which Enlightenment thinker most influenced the claim that people may alter or abolish an unjust government?

John Locke.

Which model of democracy best fits the claim that elections mostly legitimize decisions made by a small, powerful few?

Elite democracy model.

Which model of democracy is most consistent with policy outcomes shaped by many competing organized interests?

Pluralist democracy model.

In a republic, voting is primarily used by citizens to choose what?

Elected representatives.

Montesquieu's ideas most directly shaped which constitutional design feature?

Separation of powers.

In social contract theory, political authority is legitimate primarily because it rests on what?

The consent of the governed.

A written constitution is most directly intended to establish which principle?

The rule of law.

The phrase 'endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights' most directly reflects which Enlightenment idea?

Natural rights.

Town hall meetings and citizen initiatives most closely reflect which model of democracy?

Participatory democracy model.

The Constitution's system of enumerated powers is best described as:

A framework that limits government authority.

Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are best categorized as:

Natural rights.

Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence most directly reflects natural rights philosophy?

'Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.'

Natural law theory most directly claims that:

Certain rights are inherent and universal.

In the constitutional system, popular sovereignty is most often exercised through:

Elections.

Montesquieu's most direct contribution to U.S. constitutional design was the idea of:

Separation of powers.

The idea that legitimate government must be based on higher moral principles is best described as:

Moral legitimacy.

Which statement best captures pluralist democracy?

Policy outcomes result from competition among diverse interest groups.

Which feature is most closely associated with participatory democracy?

Direct citizen involvement in decision

Which Enlightenment idea holds that people possess certain rights before government exists?

Natural rights.

Which model of democracy best matches the claim that policy usually reflects preferences of wealthy, well-connected individuals?

Elite democracy model.

Which model of democracy best fits policymaking shaped by bargaining among multiple competing interests?

Pluralist democracy model.

Which model of democracy best fits the idea that competition among interest groups shapes policy?

Pluralist democracy model.

Which model of democracy argues that a small number of groups and individuals hold most political power?

Elite democracy model.

Which model of democracy seeks broad, direct citizen involvement in politics?

Participatory democracy model.

Which Enlightenment

linked principle is reflected in the opening phrase 'We the People'?

The Declaration of Independence most clearly argues that legitimate government is based on what principle?

The consent of the governed.

Locke's philosophy most directly influenced the founding idea of what?

Natural rights and government by consent.