Adrenal Medulla of Endocrine system

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6 Terms

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Medullary chromaffin cells synthesize catecholamines epinephrine (80%) and norepinephrine (20%)

fight or flight” mechanisms 

2
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  • Effects of catecholamines:

  • Vasoconstriction

  • Increased heart rate

  • Increased blood glucose levels

  • Blood diverted to brain, heart, and skeletal muscle

3
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Epinephrine -

is more a stimulator of metabolic activities

  • Example: bronchial dilation, and blood flow to skeletal muscles and heart

4
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Norepinephrine -

  • has more of an influence on  peripheral vasoconstriction and blood pressure

  • Responses to stressors are brief, unlike adrenal cortical hormones

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Hyposecretion -

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are not essential to life; therefore there are no problems associated with hyposecretion

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Hypersecretion -

  • Leads to symptoms of uncontrolled sympathetic nervous system, such as:

    • Hyperglycemia, increased metabolic rate, rapid heartbeat, palpitations, hypertension, intense nervousness, and sweating

  • Can be due to pheochromocytoma, tumor of medullary chromaffin cells