Introduction to Biochemistry: Thermodynamics Fundamentals

A set of flashcards covering key concepts in thermodynamics as introduced in the biochemistry lecture, focusing on definitions, processes, and principles.

What does the word 'thermodynamics' derive from?

It comes from the Greek words 'therme' meaning heat and 'dynamis' meaning power.

What is the definition of energy?

Energy is the capacity to do work and does not have a physical form.

What does the conservation of energy state?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

What role does entropy play in thermodynamics?

Entropy measures the distribution of energy in a system and indicates the direction of spontaneous changes.

What is a spontaneous process?

A process that occurs without an input of energy, transferring energy as heat from high to low temperature.

What is an endothermic reaction?

A reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings, resulting in a positive enthalpy change.

What is meant by Gibbs free energy?

The energy free to do work, representing the energy that can be harnessed for reactions in biological systems.

What is the difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions?

Catabolic reactions break down high energy compounds into simpler ones (spontaneous), while anabolic reactions build complicated compounds (non-spontaneous).

What happens during cellular respiration in terms of Gibbs free energy?

Energy from spontaneous reactions is used to drive non-spontaneous reactions, producing ATP as a store of free energy.