3.0 Theories of Intelligence

Intelligence

The aggregate, or global, capacity of the individual to act purposeful, to think rationally and to deal effectively within their environment

Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence by Charles Spearman

Theory of intelligence that states that intelligence is made up of the g (general factor) and s (specific components)

Raymon B. Cattell’s Two Major Types of Cognitive Abilities

Theory of intelligence that states that general intelligence is made up of crystallized intelligence (Gc) and fluid intelligence (Gf)

Crystallized Intelligence (Gc)

Is the acquired skills and knowledge that are dependent on exposure to a particular culture as well as on formal and informal education

Fluid Intelligence (Gf)

Is the nonverbal, relatively culture-free, and independent of specific instructions

Horn

Person who proposed the addition of vulnerable and maintained abilities

Vulnerable Abilities

Abilities that decline with age and tend not to return to preinjury levels following brain damage

Maintained Abilities

Abilities that tend not to decline with age and may return to preinjury levels following brain damage