COLD WAR K LEVEL REVIEW

What is the Iron Curtain?

a metaphor used to describe the division between communist countries in the east and non communist countries in the west

what is a satellite nation?

a country that appears independent but is dominated by a powerful nation

describe the berlin blockade

Stalin blocked all train road access to west berlin and said that people will starve to death unless they give up west berlin

How did the US respond to the Berlin Blockade?

The Berlin Airlift ; the us flew supplies over West Berlin to bypass the bloackade

Define containment

means to stop the spread of communism

What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?

it was a program that gave money to western european countries to help them rebuild after WW2

what was the truman doctrine?

Said that the US would help any country resists the threat of communism

What is NATO? what nations were involved?

a military alliance between US, Canada, and Western Europe

What is the Warsaw Pact?

a military alliance between the USSR and Eastern Europe

Which asian country fell to communism in 1949?

China

What nation did the chinese nationalist flee to?

Taiwan

Explain how korea was divided at the end of WW2

the 38th parallel. US occupied the south and the USSR occupied the North

What was the end result of the korean war?

They both signed an armistice which means they agreed to stop fighting

What is Eisenhower’s New Look defense policy?

he wants less troops and the making of more nukes

Explain Eisenhower’s policy of massive retaliation

Threatening nuclear force to prevent conflict

Explain Eisenhower’s policy of brinkmanship

the willingness to go to the brink of war to force the enemy down

Explains the arms race

a competition between the US and the USSR to have the most nukes

What is Sputnik and when was it launched?

it was the first satellite launched by the soviets in 1957

How did the US respond to sputnik

Nasa - created for rocket science and NDEA

explain the National Defense Education Act

it increased funding for education in math, science and foreign language

What U-2 Incident?

It was a plane that was sent to spy to the USSR

What was the negative effect of U-2 Incident?

The US lied and said it wasnt out but then it was leaked that that that wasnt true and a summit to bring peace was cancelled and it just made tensions worse

What is the purpose of Executive order 9981?

integrated de segregated the armed forces

What is the US motto that was adopted in 1956?

In God we trust; to separate us from communism countries that banned religion.

How did the Servicemen Readjustment Act (GI Bill) impact education and home ownership?

gave low interest home loans; free healthcare and college

Define HUAC. What was the purpose?

Houst of unamerican Activities committee. To find communist or anyone who sympathizes with them.

Senator Joseph McCarthy is best known for accusing people of being ___________. This because known as __________

communism;McCarthyism

How did McCarthyism impact American Citizens?

It spread a period of panic where many Americans were falsely accused of being communist.

Why did Eisenhower build the Interstate Highway System?

Incase of nuclear attack there would be faster transportation for troops to respond and civilian evacuations

Who were Rosenburg’s and why were they arrested and executed?

they were communist that were arrested for being communist that were arrested for being spies and sharing secrets about atomic bomb. death penalty by the electric chair

Kennedys plan to pass the soviets in the Space Races was to land on the _____________ by 1969

moon

In which phase of the business cycle would you place the economy of the 1950’s? (Recession, Depression, Recovery or Prosperity)

prosperity

This led to ______________ or the idea that buying a lot of goods will bring personal happiness.

consumerism

Describe the first computers and how they were used?

they were big and weight 30 tons, took up an entire room. used by government and major corporations for data and engineering calculations

Why are people moving to the suburbs in the 1950’s?

to escape the crime and congestion of the city

why did the growth suburbs leads to the growth of the automobile industry?

people could live further away from where they work

What contributed to the baby boom of the 1950s?

young couples were having kids after the war. government encouraged growth of families by offering GI benefits when looking for a house.

How did Rock N Roll music create a generational gap?

it was influenced by african american culture

what was beatnik movement?

white writers and artists that highlighted the value gap in the 1950s america. criticized culture for its conformity and emptiness

a key medical breakthrough of the 1950;s was the discovery of a vaccine for _______ by Dr. __________________

polio ; Jones Salk

what did kennedy mean by having a “Flexible Response” to containing communism?

an attempt to solve cold war conflicts by using any option first before threatening nukes.

What was the purpose of the peace corps?

they are fighting communism by helping the poor countries rather than threatening nukes

WHat is the bay of pigs invasion?

CIA trained cuban exiles to invade cuba and over throw castro

what was the cuban missile crisis?

USSR gave cuba nukes and america was scared because cuba was really close to us

How did kennedy respond to the cuban missile crisis?

he ordered a naval blockade instead of using nukes

What was the end result of the cuban missile crisis?

soviets removed the missiles from cuba and the us agreed to lift the blockade and remove missiles from turkey

Why did the soviets build the berlin wall?

to stop people from leaving

What was the purpose of Johnsons great society programs?

to fight a war on poverty

Describe the job corps program

helped highschool dropouts get vocational training,a GED, or a dimploma and a job