Properties of atmosphere (copy)

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Last updated 4:40 PM on 10/3/23
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95 Terms

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Temperature
A measure of the average internal kinetic energy of air molecules.
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Pressure
The weight of a column of the atmosphere above a unit area of surface.
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Wind
The movement of air caused by differences in atmospheric pressure.
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Isobar
Lines on a weather map that connect points of equal atmospheric pressure.
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Vapor Pressure
The pressure exerted by water vapor in the air.
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Relative Humidity
The ratio of the amount of water vapor present in the air to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature.
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Cirrus Clouds
Thin, wispy clouds made up of ice crystals.
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Stratus Clouds
Layered clouds that cover the sky in a uniform, dull gray sheet.
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Cumulus Clouds
Puffy, cauliflower-shaped clouds that have vertical development.
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Nimbus Clouds
Rain-producing clouds that are typically dark and have an anvil shape.
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High Clouds
Clouds with a base height between 6 to 15 kilometers above sea level, composed mostly of ice crystals.
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Middle Clouds
Clouds with a base height between 2 to 6 kilometers above sea level, composed of liquid droplets.
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Low Clouds
Clouds with a base height below 2 kilometers above sea level, often thick and layered.
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Clouds with Extensive Vertical Development
Clouds that have substantial vertical growth and occur when the air is unstable.
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Aneroid Barometer
A device used to measure air pressure without the use of liquid.
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Saturation Vapor Pressure
The pressure exerted by water vapor when the air is saturated at a given temperature.
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Pressure Gradient Force
The force that causes air to move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
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Isobaric Chart
A weather map that shows lines of equal atmospheric pressure.
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Wind Speed
The rate at which air is moving horizontally.
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Wind Direction
The direction from which the wind is blowing.
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Vapor Pressure
The pressure exerted by water vapor in the air.
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Relative Humidity
The ratio of the amount of water vapor present in the air to the maximum amount
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Louis Bleriot (1909)
First person to fly across the English Channel "Bleriot XI"
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Louis Bleriot
flew the English Channel in 37 mins covering 23 miles
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Harriet Quimby (1912)
first woman to fly across the English Channel.
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DC-2
12 passengers
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DC- 3
21 passengers
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Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin
invented the dirigible or the rigid airship.
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Charles Lindbergh (1927)
made the first nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic ocean
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Ford Tri-Motor
first all metal aircraft designed for passengers
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Glenn Curtiss (1908)
first American to fly a distance over 1km. "june bug"
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Glenn Curtiss
"Father of Naval Aviation"
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DC-3
21 passengers, 1000 horse power, 90% of air traffic in 1940
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Concorde (1969)
First supersonic airliner
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x-15 (1967)
set the airspeed record of Mach 6.1
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Harrier jump jet
Aircraft capable of taking off vertically
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Wright Brothers
First to fly a powered aircraft
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Alberto Santos-Dumont (1906)
first successful European airplane flight "14 bis"
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Henry Farman (1908)
first to fly a one kilometer circular course near Paris
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De Havilland Comet
The first jet airliner
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lighted airways beacon
every 10 miles
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intermediate airways
every 50 miles
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Red Baron
Manfred von Richthofen had 80 kills and one of the most famous aces. German ace.
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Zeppelin
first commercial air service between europe and america
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Boeing 247
13 passengers
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Lockheed Vega
constructed by Lockheed Aircraft by allan lockheed
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charles lindbergh impact
aviation becomes more established
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charles lindbergh plane
Spirit of St. Louis
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Spitfires
Small, maneuverable fighter planes
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helicopters
mass produced in ww2
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Kelly Act
authorized postal officials to hire private airplane operators to carry mail
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WW1 Planes

avro 504

Fokker Dr1

Fokker D. Vll

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WW2 Fighters

f4f wildcat

F4u corair

F6f hellcat

P51 mustang

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ww2 bombers

sb2c hell divers

Tbf/tbm avenger

B-29 super fortress

B-17 flyibg fortress

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charles lindbergh journey covered across the antalantic ocean
3.610 miles took about 33 1/2 hours
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monoplane
a single-winged airplane
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biplane
a two-winged airplane
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triplane
3 winged plane
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how long did it take louis bleriot to fly across the english channel
37 minutes
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Amelia Earhart (1934)
First female pilot to cross the Atlantic. She disappeared while trying to fly around the world. "lockheed electra 10"
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Donald Douglas
first and youngest aeronautical engineer
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Jimmy Doolittle
first "blind flight"
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LFR
Low frequency radio range
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Boeing 314
74 passengers, sold 12 planes to pan american airways
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Ford Tri-Motor
also called the tin goose
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no circulation system
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visual radio direction finder
using vibration system to direct the aircraft
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artificial horizon
showed at what angle the plane was flying
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Barometric Altimeter
showed how far above the ground of a field, will sensitively record time
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rotating beacons
has 10 seconds intervals
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DC 6
was the aircraft that greatly reduced the travelling time with greater comfort
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SR-71 Blackbird
set the record for crossing the Atlantic under 2hours
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The four forces of Flight
lift, weight, thrust, and drag
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weight counteracts what?
Lift
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Weight
is a force caused by gravitational attraction
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what's it take to create lift?
Air and Motion
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How do we explain lift?
Newtons laws of motion and Bernoulli's principle
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Newton's Third Law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
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Newton's Second Law
force causes a change in velocity which in turn generates another force
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Venturi Tube
Bernoulli's first practical use of his theorem
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what is a wing?
Half venturi tube
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Bernoulli's Principle
air speeds up, it pressures goes down
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results in a net aerodynamics pushing up
pressure variation around the wing
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wing
creates lift due to combination of bernoulli's principle and newtons third law
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internal ribs
defines the shape of a wing
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higher turning
greater lift
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Greater angle
Greater Lift
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the elevator
controls pitch, Tilts up or down
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Ailerons
controls roll
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Rudder
controls yaw, swivel side to side
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Drag
is a mechanical force generated by a solid object
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moving through object
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for an airplane to take off
lift must be greater than weight
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for an airplane to speed up
thrust must be greater than drag
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Proppeller
is a spinning wing that generates lift forward

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