Chapter 25: Digestion and Human Nutrition

To determine the total number of calories you will get from a portion of carbohydrates, you multiply the grams of carbohydrates by _____ kcal.

4 kcal per gram

Proteins are digested to ______, which are used by cells to synthesize cellular proteins.

amino acids

the main processes that take place in the digestive tract of animals.

These processes include ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.

The nutrient that is present in sugars, starches, and fiber is a ______.

carbohydrate

a severe psychological disorder characterized by an irrational fear of getting fat, resulting in the refusal to eat enough to maintain health?

Anorexia nervosa

Approximately how many different minerals are needed by the body?

20

Which statements about nutrients are true?

1. Substances in food that perform a physiological function in the body are known as nutrients.
2. Energy can be provided and cellular metabolism regulated by nutrients.

features associated with a complete digestive tract.

Alimentary canal
Mouth
Anus

the two disorders that are most commonly seen in obese individuals.

Type 2 diabetes
Cardiovascular disease

two of the six classes of nutrients.

Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteins and minerals
Minerals and vitamins

What are the main functions of the small intestine?

Chemical digestionAbsorption of nutrients

The percentage daily value information found on the Nutritional Facts panel is calculated based on ______ and a diet of ______.

serving size; 2,000 Calories

Which statements about the structure of the stomach are true?

1. A thick wall of muscle is possessed by the stomach.

2. The size of the stomach can be increased to hold food as it is eaten.
3. Both mechanical and chemical digestion are performed by the stomach.

Which of the following aspects are considered part of a healthy diet, according to most nutritionists?

Moderate intake of fat
High in whole grains
Minimum usage of salt

Which of the following are used to calculate BMI?

Weight and height measurements