Identify/describe Joints and accessory structures

Suture

a fibrous joint found only between the bones of the skull whose edges are interlocked and bound together by dense connective tissue

Periodental-ligament Joints

a fibrous synarthrotic joint that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket, the articulationis a gomphosis

Synchondrosis

a cartilaginous synarthrotic joint such as the articulation between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing bone

Synostosis

a bony fusion that creates a totally rigid, immoveable object

Syndesmosis

a fibrous amphiarthrosis (bones are connected by a ligament)

Symphysis

a cartilaginous amphiarthrosis; bones are separated by a wedge or pad of fibrou cartilage (EX: pubic symphysis)

Describe Ball-and socket joint

round head of one bone rests within a cup-shaped depression, Are triaxial, all combinations of movements including rotation can be preformed

Describe Hinge joint

permits angular movement in a single plane and is a monaxial joint

Describe Saddle joint

have complex articular surfaces- concave on one axis and convex on the other, are extremely mobile allowing extensive movement

Describe Ellipsoidal Joint

an oval articular face nestles witnin a depression on the opposing surface, a biaxial joint

Describe Gliding joints

flattened or slightly curved faces that slide across one another, but the amount of movement is slight

Describe Pivot joints

permit only rotation and are monaxial joints

Cartilage

Meniscior articular discs that may subdivide a synovial cavity, channel the shape of the articular surfaces

Fat pads

found at the edges of the joint where they protect the articular cartilages and provide packing spaces produced as the joint cavity changes

Ligaments

Accessory ligaments are localized thickenings of the capsule, Extracapsular ligaments are located outside of the capsule, Intracapsular ligaments are located inside the capsule

Tendons

Not part of the joint itself, they pass around or across a joint limiting the range of motion and providing mechanical support

Bursae

A small, synovial fluid-filled pocket in connective tissue, Form where a tendon or ligament rubs against the tissues to reduce friction and act as a shock absorber

Identify examples of Ball-and-socket Joints

shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) and Hip joint (coval joint)

Identify examples of Hinge Joints

Elbow and Knee

Identify examples of Saddle Joints

Base of the thumb

Identify examples of Ellipsoidal Joints

connections between fingers and metacarpals and connections between the toes and metatarsals

Identify examples of Gliding Joints

Ends of the clavicle, between the carpals, between the tarsals, and more

Identify examples of Pivot Joints

Joints between the atlas and the axis