APUSH WW2 Notes

Good Neighbor Policy

FDR's policy to improve relations with Latin America by renouncing armed intervention.

Reciprocal Trade Agreements (1934)

US policy to reduce tariffs if other nations reciprocated, aiming to boost international trade.

Nye Commission (1934)

Congressional committee that concluded American bankers and arms manufacturers were a major cause of US involvement in WWI.

Neutrality Acts (1935-37)

Series of laws designed to keep the US neutral by prohibiting trade and travel with belligerent nations.

Appeasement

Policy of making concessions to an aggressor (like Hitler at the Munich Conference) to avoid war.

Lend-Lease Act (1941)

US policy allowing the lending or leasing of war materials to Allied nations, effectively ending US neutrality.

Atlantic Charter (1941)

Agreement between FDR and Churchill outlining post-war goals, including self-determination and free trade.

Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941)

Japanese surprise attack on the US naval base in Hawaii, leading to US entry into WWII.

War Production Board

US agency that oversaw the mobilization of industry for war production.

Office of Price Administration

US agency that controlled prices and rationed goods during WWII.

Manhattan Project (1942)

Secret US project to develop the atomic bomb.

Executive Order 8802

FDR's order prohibiting racial discrimination in defense industries.

Double Victory Campaign

African American campaign for victory against fascism abroad and racism at home.

Bracero Program (1942)

Agreement allowing Mexican farm workers to work in the US during WWII.

Zoot Suit Riots (1943)

Racial clashes in Los Angeles between white soldiers and Mexican American youths.

Rosie the Riveter

Cultural icon representing the women who worked in factories during WWII.

Executive Order 9066

FDR's order authorizing the internment of Japanese Americans.

Korematsu v. US (1944)

Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of Japanese American internment.

D-Day (June 6, 1944)

Allied invasion of Normandy, France, opening a second front in Europe.

Yalta Conference (1945)

Meeting of the Big Three (FDR, Churchill, Stalin) to discuss post-war Europe, including the division of Germany.

Potsdam Conference (1945)

Meeting where Truman, Stalin, and Churchill discussed the end of WWII and demanded Japan's unconditional surrender.

Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 1945)

Japanese cities where the US dropped atomic bombs, leading to Japan's surrender.

What was the Double V Campaign?

The Double V Campaign was a World War II initiative by African American activists to achieve two victories: victory against fascism abroad and victory against racial discrimination at home.

What are FDR's Four Freedoms?

FDR's Four Freedoms refer to the four fundamental freedoms that President Franklin D. Roosevelt articulated in his 1941 State of the Union address: Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Worship, Freedom from Want, and Freedom from Fear.

What roles did women take on during WWII in the military?

During WWII, women enlisted in the Women's Army Corps (WAC), WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service), and some served in the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs); however, women were not in command positions.

What is the GI Bill and its significance?

The GI Bill, officially known as the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, was enacted to provide education, job training, medical care, pensions, and mortgage loans to veterans of WWII, reflecting FDR's vision of a second Bill of Rights to support returning servicemen.