Exam 3 Review

EPO#1 - Identify the importance of a well-written report and use through the criminal and civil justice systems.

• Opportunity to present POV and record events for later

• Shield LEO or bolster LEO’s testimony

EPO#2 – Identify necessary components for establishing probable cause in a report

• Stating the facts

EPO#3 - Identify facts that support the Fourth Amendment's objective reasonableness standard and distinguish them from mere conclusions that do not

ORT: Analyzes excessive UoF and totality of circumstances.

• Graham Factors

• Conditions, history, and report support the standard

EPO#4 - Identify and apply the elements of 21 U.S.C. § 844 (Possession of a Controlled Substance)

• Any drug or substance identified in schedules 1-5

• Must have been in possession on or near their person and knowingly/intentionally

EPO#5 - Identify and apply the elements of 21 U.S.C. § 841 (Manufacture and Distribution of Controlled Substances)

• does not need to prove commercial transactions, counterfeit substances also charged as real

EPO#6 - Identify and analyze a valid Miranda waiver

• Gov has to show waiver was voluntary, intelligent, or knowing

• Can be oral/written and expressed/implied

• Public Safety is an exception

EPO#8 - Identify and analyze how to proceed after a suspect invokes a Miranda right

• LEO must stop questioning, have to wait 2 weeks if they requested counsel, or 2 hrs if they just want to remain silent

• LEO does not have to stop questioning because the subject was not clear about invoking

• Requestioning can be done if released from custody or returned to normal life for more than 14 days, cooling period begins after revoke, and if they change their mind

EPO#9 - Identify and analyze when Miranda warnings are required

• Only needed when LEO or GOV actor has custody and questioned for a crime

• Must know they are speaking to a LEO (except for when LEO is undercover)

EPO#10 - Identify and analyze when the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination is applicable

• amendment only belongs to people, cannot be compelled in any case to be a witness against themselves

• Cannot be claimed for someone else

EPO#11 - Identify investigative techniques that aid the law enforcement officer in the description and identification process

• separate all individuals to avoid issues/crossing perceptions

• a line up must be fair and unduly

• neighborhood canvas is going door to door to obtain witnesses

EPO#12 - Identify the physical and psychological factors that can influence an individual's perception of a person, place or thing

• perceptual narrowing (tunnel vision), stress, ambient conditions, physical presence, and conditions

EPO#13 - Recognize the various documents that are acceptable for U.S. Citizens and Foreign Nationals to present to officials as proof of identify

• 4 types are: Genuine, altered, counterfeit, genuine but fraudulently obtained

• I-551: Permanent Resident Alien Card 10 years

• I-776: Employment Authorization card, non-immigrant foreign nationals 1-4 years

EPO#14 - Identify the security features found in the most common types of identity documents and the techniques used to detect alteration and counterfeiting of security devices

• most altered parts of ID is photo, DOB, and expiration date

• tools are computers, printers, software, image templates, cutting instruments

• ID security is hologram

• lighting techniques are transmitted/back or oblique/side lighting

EPO#7 - Identify and analyze how the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause affects eye-witness identification procedures

• Cannot be unduly suggestive

• Photo displays have to be at least 6+ pics

• Show ups have to be done within an hour, one person and not suggestive

EPO#15 - Recognize common methods for altering, counterfeiting, and fraudulently obtaining or using identity documents

• Optically variable ink is ink that appears like glitter or changes color

• Microprints are found in borders/graphics/backgrounds

• 4 common alterations are additions, erasures, cut/paste, and trace overs

• Passports have Machine Readable Zone (MRZ) international standard on bottom of passports

EPO#16 - Identify the drugs within the hallucinogenic classification of drugs of abuse

• Marijuana

• Peyote

• Shrooms

• Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)

• Phencyclidine (PCP)

EPO#17 - Identify the current substances known as "Club" and "Date Rape" drugs: MDMA (Ecstasy), Ketamine, Rohypnol, GHB (Gamma Hydroxybutyrate) and GBL

• MDMA (Ecstasy), Ketamine, Rohypnol, GHB (Gamma Hydroxybutyrate) and GBL (Gamma Butyrolactone)

EPO#18 - Identify the primary narcotic and non-narcotic substances within the depressant classification of drugs

• Narcotic: Morphine, Codeine, Dilaudid, Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Methadone, Heroin

• Non-narcotic: Tranquilizers, alcohol, barbiturates

EPO#19 - Identify the symptoms of immediate use of; Depressants, Stimulants and Hallucinogens

• depressants - on the nod

• stimulants - hyper stimulation, rapid speech

• hallucinogens - dilated pupils, pinkish eyes, distorted perceptions

EPO#20 - Identify the symptoms of withdrawal from; Depressants, Stimulants and Hallucinogens

• depressants - nausea/vomiting/cramps/diarrhea, watery eyes, pain in muscles & joints

• stimulants - deep sleep, agitation & irritability, and psychological symptoms

• hallucinogens - NONE

EPO#21 - Identify the three pharmacological classifications of drugs of abuse

• Depressants

• Hallucinogens

• Stimulants

EPO#22 - Identify two categories within the stimulant classification of drugs of abuse

• cocaine - HCL/base

• Amphetamine - methamphetamine (ICE)

EPO#23 - Identify the immediate actions of a First Responding Law Enforcement Officer upon arrival at an incident

• Collect info

• Assess the situation

• Consider powers and policy

• Identify option/action

• Act

• review and reassess

EPO#24 - Identify the Incident Command System and its relationship to the First Responding Law Enforcement Officer

• National Incident Management System (NIMS)

• Elements - Command, control, coordination

EPO#25 - Identify the Uniformed Officer's approach and responsibilities towards prevention, response, and timely reporting of potential activities linked to terrorism and targeted mass violence

• Officer’s role: Prevention, Presence, Response, Reporting

• TSC - operates/maintains US CT watchlist

EPO#26 - Identify the importance of HAZMAT Awareness training and the health and safety threat posed by hazardous material

• hazmat -

EPO#27 - Identify how to use the Emergency Response Guidebook during an emergency involving hazardous materials

Yellow - Numbers

Orange - Safety recommendations (if material is highlighted green but on fire go orange)

White - Pictures

Blue - Names assigned by UN number

Green - if no fire is present

EPO#28 - Identify how to employ the survival and reporting objectives during a hazmat emergency by using the acronyms RAIN and CHALET

• RAIN - Recognize, Avoid, Isolate, Notify

• CHALET - Casualties, Hazard, Access, Location, Emergency services, Type of incident

EPO#29 - Define the roles of electronic devices in criminal activity.

• computers are a target of an illegal scheme

• computers are used as an instrument or tool

• Computers are repositories (storage) of evidence

EPO#30 - Identify electronic devices that may contain evidence.

Computers, electronic readers, smartphones, digital cameras, mp3, removable media, discs, cloud storage, routers, internet service providers

EPO#31 - Identify procedures for managing electronic items seized as evidence

• Record everything on screen

• Annotate dates and times

• Label all cables before disassembly

• Check for removable media (do not remove until pc is turned off)

• Photograph keyboard and underneath keyboard

• Use faraday bags

EPO#32 - Identify Video Surveillance Systems (VSS) platform location reporting requirements

• VSS - Cameras and sensors, processors, and storage devices

• Retrieve data ASAP

• Limitations of VSS are loss of data, limited storage, and video timing

EPO#33 - Identify necessary precautions to protect personal and agency identifying information during official activity on the Internet

Vulnerabilities: Computer system, files, and data flow

Precautions: Change server name, router’s login, encryption to WPA2-PSK

Use: VPN, firewall, private browsers

EPO#34 - Identify the essential elements and uses of a violation notice (summons)

• Violation notice: moving violations, petty offences, class B and C misdemeanors, Standard form, criminal complaint

EPO#35 - Identify the characteristics, effects, first aid, and post exposure treatment regarding the inflammatory agent O.C.

• OleoResin Capsicum: concentrated chili oil extract peppers

• intense pain and heat to eyes skin, and mucous membranes

• Treatment - flush eyes with water and remove contact lenses (45 min)

EPO#36 - Identify tactical, transportation and use of force considerations concerning oleoresin capsicum spray

• Safe 4-8 ft, maximum 15 ft

• shake once a month