cell membrane flashcards

Hydrophobic

Likes water

Hydrophilic

Doesn’t like water

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic

The phosphate head

What dissolves into the lipid tail

Cholesterol

What is a cell membrane

Is a thin and flexible layer that surrounds the cell separating the outside and inside

Whats the cell membranes structure

Made with a phospholipid bilayer

Whats a phospholipid

A molecule with 2 ends a head and a tail

What is selective permeability

When only certain substances can pass through

What can pass through the bilayer? ( without proteins )

Small, nonpolar molecules

What helps with the entering and exiting of larger substances

Integral proteins

Types of membrane proteins

Channel proteins - tunnel for substances

Carrier proteins- change shapes to move substances

Receptor Proteins- receive signals

What is diffusion

Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

What is facilitated diffusion

Using proteins channels to diffuse

• no energy needed

What is osmosis

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

What is active transport

Movement of substances against the concentration gradient using energy ( ATP )

What is endocytosis

Cell takes in large substances by forming a vesicle

What is exocytosis

cell releases substances by using a vesicle

Role of cholesterol ( animal cell )

Maintaining fluidity and stability of the membrane