Oxygenation & Perfusion Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to the principles of respiratory and cardiovascular anatomy and physiology, essential for understanding oxygenation and perfusion in nursing.

Oxygenation

The process of providing oxygen to the body's tissues.

Perfusion

The flow of blood through the circulatory system to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

Dyspnea

Difficulty or discomfort in breathing.

Atelectasis

Collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.

Hypoxemia

Abnormally low concentration of oxygen in the arterial blood.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

An emergency procedure to maintain blood flow and breathing.

Hypoventilation

Inadequate ventilation leading to increased carbon dioxide in the blood.

Hyperventilation

Increased rate of breathing leading to decreased carbon dioxide in the blood.

Pneumothorax

Accumulation of air in the pleural space causing lung collapse.

ABG

Arterial Blood Gas, a test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

Tachycardia

An abnormally rapid heart rate.

Hypoxia

A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.

Cardiac output

The amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute.

Stroke volume

The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction.

Surfactant

A substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse.

Oxygen therapy

The administration of oxygen to increase the supply of oxygen to the lungs.

Chest physiotherapy

A treatment to improve lung function and airway clearance.

Ventilation

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs.

Capillary

Small blood vessels that connect arteries and veins and allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Respiratory system

The organ system responsible for breathing and gas exchange.

Cardiovascular system

The system that circulates blood and lymph through the body.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Pulmonary ventilation

The act of breathing, consisting of inhalation and exhalation.