HISTORY - WHITECHAPEL

what was one of the ways the Met police prevented crime in the streets

they would walk the beat - patrol routes of streets to deter criminals, break up fights and arrest suspects

what was the CID

criminal investigation department set up in 1878

what proved it to be ineffective

the jack the ripper murders

what were rookeries

large slum areas - overpopulated - 189 people per acre of land

what were lodging houses

shelter for the homeless - 8hr sleep shifts, 233 houses for 8000 people- overcrowded

what was the peabody estate

aimed to clean up rookeries ( 1875 artisans and dwelling act) - contained laundry rooms, open courtyards, fenced off

name two features of working conditions in Whitechapel

1) Harsh - sweated trade professions expected to work 20+ hr shifts

2) Boring - in workhouses people picked oakum

what were workhouses introduced for

to allow poor people to come work, live there and earn a wage - poor law 1834

what are some features of the workhouses

people dressed in uniform, any offences committed = 2 shillings, expected to work 20+ hrs per day, families separated

name two examples of sweated trade

tailoring or shoemaking

how did the arrival of the jewish community cause tension

locals resented their cultural differences, threatened by competition for jobs ( jews worked on Sundays )

how did the arrival of the Irish community cause tension

famous for drinking and getting into fights with locals, Irish nationalists ( the fenians) launched multiple terrorist attcks

why did people protest in trafalgar square

the protest against the soaring unemployment in the city

list three reasons why there was so much crime in Whitechapel

lack of policing ( 1 police officer per 300 people), poverty, attitudes towards women

what was the division of police in Whitechapel known as

H Division

why was petty theft and assault common in rookeries

they were dark and densely overpopulated

describe two features of crime in Whitechapel

1) prostitution- many women had to turn to it due to poverty and lack of availability for jobs

2) petty theft - dimly lit and overpopulated rookeries allowed thieves to easily commit crime undetected

what is a penny dreadful

a cheap illustrated source

what was the vigilance committee

a group of businessmen who took to the streets themselves to hunt down the killer

how did the Bertillon system improve policing after jack the ripper

made the system more organised - identify re offenders , they used physical measurements

what did the 1871 cencus show about Whitechapel

showed the poor living conditions

who arrived in the 1840’s

large numbers of Irish immigrants - many worked as ‘navvies’

what was there a large increase of in the 1880’s

jewish immigration from Eastern Europe

which act was passes by parliament in 1875

the artistans dwellings act - led to slum clearance programme in Whitechapel

what estate was opened in 1881

peabody estate

what was the Charles booths poverty study

a study intended to pressure the government into improving living and working conditions

what were anarchists

group which opposes all forms of organised government