Canadian Citizenship Study Guide: Aboriginal Peoples and Early European Exploration

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Aboriginal peoples and early European exploration in Canada highlighted in the lecture notes.

What term was used by Europeans to refer to the native peoples of Canada during their exploration?

Indians, because they believed they had reached the East Indies.

What were two primary ways in which native peoples in Canada lived off the land?

Hunting and gathering, and raising crops.

Which Aboriginal group was known to be farmers and hunters?

The Huron-Wendat.

What was the primary lifestyle of the Sioux people?

Nomadic, following the bison herd.

What ecological strategy did West Coast natives use to preserve fish?

Drying and smoking fish.

What was a major consequence of the arrival of Europeans for Aboriginal peoples?

Large numbers died of European diseases.

What significant relationships developed between Aboriginals and Europeans in the first 200 years of coexistence?

Economic, religious, and military bonds.

Who were the first Europeans known to have reached parts of Canada 1,000 years ago?

The Vikings from Iceland.

What was the name of the settlement that remains from the Viking colonization in Newfoundland?

l’Anse aux Meadows.

Who was the first to draw a map of Canada’s East Coast?

John Cabot in 1497.

What Iroquoian word did Jacques Cartier use to describe a village and later led to the naming of Canada?

Kanata.

When did Jacques Cartier make his three voyages across the Atlantic for France?

Between 1534 and 1542.

What significant geographical area did Jacques Cartier explore during his voyages?

The St. Lawrence River.

When did English settlement in Canada begin?

1610.

Which present-day cities did Jacques Cartier set eyes on?

Québec City and Montreal.