Path: Chapter 2 (part 1): Fluids

40% of water in body

Intracellular

20% of water in body

Extracellular

Movement of water

The amount of water entering the body should equal the amount of water leaving

2.2 lbs or 1 kg =

1 liter of fluid

Thirst is triggered by

High osmolality (concentration)

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Promotes water reabsorption in kidneys

Aldosterone

Promotes reabsorption of Na and H2O

ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)

Gets rid of water and sodium when there is too much

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system function

Maintain blood and perfusion pressure to all the tissues and organs

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system makes blood pressure

Go up

Hydrostatic pressure

Pushing water out of the capillaries

Osmotic pressure

Pulling water into the capillaries

high osmolarity

Less water than solute

High concentration

Low osmolaltiy

More water than solute

Dilute

Edema

excessive amount of fluid in the interstitial compartment

Dehydration is more serious in

Infants and older adults

Dehydration leads to _____ skin turgor

Decrease

Dehydration leads to _______ pulse

Weak

Edema leads to ______ pulse

Bounding

Edema Leeds to _______ blood pressure

High

Dehydration leads to ______ blood pressure

low

Edema leads to _______ hematocrit

Decreased

Dehydration leads too ______ hematoctrit

Increased

Dehydration leads to ________ urine

Concentrated

Edema leads to ______ urine

Dilute

intracellular fluid example

cytoplasm (inside cell)

extracellular fluid example

interstitial fluid, blood plasma

edema medication

dietetics

dehydration medication

antidietretics

Increase amount of this tissue causes an increased risk for dehydration

Adipose

4 causes of edema

1. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure

2. loss of plasma proteins

3. obstruction of lymphatic circulation

4. increased capillary permeability

What triggers ANP

blood volume increase

Filtration

movement of material through a membrane as a result of hydrostatic pressure

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane