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define cell respiration
the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP (chemical energy)
What is the byproduct of cell respiration?
heat
What substrates are required for cell respiration?
organic molecules, mainy glucose and fatty acids are used
In what structures does cell respiration occur?
in every cell, because it’s needed to produce energy necessary for function and survival
What is the proper name of ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate
How is energy carried by ATP?
A negatively charged phosphate ion is added/ removed to store/ release energy (respectively)
What type of molecule is adenosine triphosphate?
a nucleotide
outline the 3 defining structures of ATP
3 phosphate groups
ribose
adenine
Describe 5 properties that may ATP ideal for the cellular energy currency
Chemically stable at neutral pH typical of cells --> no breakdown and premature release of energy
Soluble in water -> diffuse freely in cytoplasm -> quick transport
Requires facilitated diffusion thru phospholipid membrane(one-way street) -> controlled ATP movement + no leakage out of cells
Energy easily released thru removal of 3rd phosphate group = small amount sufficient for wide range of tasks + minimal waste (if more energy was released, more would be wasted as heat)
Easily regeneratable: by adding 3rd phosphate to ADP