What did the Missouri Compromise of 1820 address?
The debate over the spread of slavery.
What states were admitted to the Union in 1836 and 1837 without dispute?
Arkansas and Michigan.
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Flashcards based on Chapter 11, focusing on key events and concepts related to the sectional conflicts surrounding slavery in the United States.
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What did the Missouri Compromise of 1820 address?
The debate over the spread of slavery.
What states were admitted to the Union in 1836 and 1837 without dispute?
Arkansas and Michigan.
What is popular sovereignty?
The practice of allowing voters in a territory to decide whether to permit slavery.
Who proposed extending the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific Ocean?
President James Polk.
What was the Free-Soil Party's main demand?
Prohibit the expansion of slavery into the territories.
What was the role of Zachary Taylor in the 1848 election?
He was the Whig candidate who held slaves but did not publicly advocate for slavery.
What significant event did the 1848 election demonstrate about the slavery issue?
Politicians could no longer ignore the slavery question.
What divided Congress in December 1849?
The slavery issue, particularly regarding California and New Mexico.
What state did President Taylor urge Congress to admit as a free state?
California.
What was Henry Clay's proposal regarding California and Texas?
Admit California as a free state and pay Texas $10 million to abandon claims in New Mexico.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
An agreement that allowed California to enter as a free state, divided the Mexican Cession, and included provisions related to slavery.
What law made it a federal crime to help runaway slaves?
Fugitive Slave Act (1850).
What was Harriet Beecher Stowe's significant publication?
Uncle Tom's Cabin.
What did Uncle Tom’s Cabin depict about slavery?
It depicted the harsh realities of slavery and the impact on African American families.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
A law that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, allowing voters to decide on slavery.
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act repeal?
The Missouri Compromise.
What conflict arose in Kansas as a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
The struggle between antislavery and pro-slavery forces.
What did pro-slavery forces do in March 1855?
Crossed into Kansas to influence the election for a pro-slavery legislature.
What was the Pottawatomie Massacre?
An incident where abolitionist John Brown murdered five pro-slavery settlers.
What was the name of the political party formed by antislavery voters in 1854?
Republican Party.
What issue did the Lecompton Constitution address?
Whether more slaves could enter the territory but not whether slavery should exist.
Who was John C. Calhoun?
A leading fire-eater and pro-slavery advocate.
What were fire-eaters?
Southern political leaders who held extreme pro-slavery views.
What proposal did Henry Clay suggest to prevent the breakup of the Union?
Put aside sectional differences and find a compromise.
What was a key outcome of the Compromise of 1850?
California was admitted as a free state.
What measure did southern Congress members demand regarding runaway slaves?
A tougher fugitive slave law.
What response did the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin provoke in the South?
It was banned, and other novels defending slavery were written.
Why did the Free-Soil Party gain traction in the 1848 election?
They represented anti-slavery sentiment that neither major party addressed.
What was the response of the antislavery settlers to the pro-slavery legislature in Kansas?
Formed the Free State Party and elected their own legislature.
What did the Emigrant Aid Company do?
Helped antislavery families move to Kansas.
What was a major consequence of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
It renewed southern hopes for the expansion of slavery.
What did Congress agree upon in September 1850?
Clay's measures known as the Compromise of 1850.
What was the Fugitive Slave Act's impact in the North?
It faced vigorous opposition from anti-slavery Northerners.
What did John Brown's actions in Kansas aim to achieve?
Protect antislavery interests and retaliate against pro-slavery actions.
What was the political climate in the early 1850s regarding the slavery issue?
Highly contentious and divided among political lines.
What did politicians begin to realize during the 1848 election?
The slavery issue could no longer be ignored.
How did southern lawmakers respond to California's admission as a free state?
They strongly opposed it.
In what way did the Kansas-Nebraska Act affect the Missouri Compromise?
It repealed the Missouri Compromise.
What was a result of the rivalry between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery governments in Kansas?
Inevitability of conflict and violence.
What significant event did the election for delegates to the Kansas constitutional convention lead to?
The boycott of elections by anti-slavery forces.
What beliefs characterized President Franklin Pierce's approach to the slavery issue?
He attempted to harmonize views from both pro and anti-slavery sides.
What did critics of the Kansas-Nebraska Act fear regarding labor in the new territories?
That the spread of slavery would force out white workers.
What did the term 'Bleeding Kansas' refer to?
The violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in Kansas.
What was the significance of the Kansas-Nebraska Act to the Republican Party's formation?
It galvanized opposition to the expansion of slavery.
How did antislavery literature contribute to the broader abolitionist movement?
By appealing to public sentiment and moral reasoning.