Ad Hoc Networks

Ad Hoc Network

A wireless network that allows devices to connect directly and share data without needing extra equipment like routers.

Open Wi-Fi

A public wireless network used in places like cafes and hotels. Sometimes requires registration or a key.

PAN (Personal Area Network)

A network connecting multiple devices (like phones and laptops) to share data and media.

Tethering or Personal Hotspot

When one device shares its internet connection with others via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or USB.

Benefits of ad hoc networks

- Easy setup

- Internet access anywhere

- Allows flexible working.

Open Wi-Fi usefulness

It provides internet access without using mobile data.

Difference between ad hoc and traditional networks

Ad hoc = temporary, no central device; Traditional = fixed, needs routers and training.

Cost of ad hoc networks

Cheap - It doesn't require expensive infrastructure or maintenance.

Security issue with ad hoc networks

Open Wi-Fi has weak or no encryption; makes it easy for hackers to intercept data.

Performance issues on ad hoc networks

Too many devices = slow speeds due to limited bandwidth.

Availability issues in ad hoc networks

- Blackspots

- Poor rural infrastructure

- Prone to viruses/hackers

- Underdeveloped countries having limited resources

- Large data tasks like streaming

Rural vs city workers with ad hoc networks

Less access to Wi-Fi hotspots and weaker mobile coverage.

Encryption

A method that scrambles data so it's unreadable during transmission.

Hacking

Unauthorised access to digital info or devices.

Blackspot

Areas with no signal due to materials or distance from network gear.

Infrastructure in networking

The tech and equipment needed to set up and support a network.

Bandwidth

The amount of data a network can handle; affects speed when shared.

Explain how ad hoc networks help with flexible working.

Staff can work remotely and at different times as long as they're online.

What is mobile tethering and why is it useful?

Sharing a phone's internet with other devices; helps work from anywhere.

Why might open networks be risky for banking?

Lack of encryption means sensitive data (e.g., account info) can be stolen

How do infrastructure issues affect developing countries' networks?

They might lack money for equipment like Wi-Fi points or masts, limiting access to online jobs or education.