lesson3

atoms

building block / smallest unit of matter / has protons, neutrons & electrons / molecules are formed when 2 or more atoms bond together

element

Formed from nuclear fusion

Cannot be broken down into simpler components

Only 1 type of atom

compound

two or more types of atom

chemical bonding

attraction between atoms from its valence electrons

covalent bond

sharing electrons to fill outer shell

occurs between non-metal atoms with similar electronegatives

ionic bond

transfer of 1 electron to another forms charged ions

cations

the atom that loses an electron = +charge

anion

the atom that gains an electron = -charge

metallic bond

occurs between metallic atoms

atoms overlap and free to move forming a “sea of electrons”

conductivivty, malleability, luster

metal traits

macromolecules

molueculs with large number of atoms

polymers (long chain) of monomers (sub units)

monosaccharides

basic unit which other carbo are formed

lipids

glycerol or fatty acids that store energy, insulate, and signal

proteins

complex molecule linked together by a peptide bond that does most of the cell work. function is to support growth, repair damaged tissue, regulate chemical process, and transport of molecules

nucleic acids

large biomolecule that stores and transmits genetic information