Gilded Age Immigration and Industrialization

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Gilded Age immigration, social reforms, and industrialization.

Hull House

Co-founded by Jane Addams to provide social services including education and legal aid to poor immigrants.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A law passed in 1882 that prohibited Chinese immigrants from becoming U.S. citizens and restricted their immigration.

Push Factors

Conditions that drive people to emigrate from their home country, such as poverty, political turmoil, and persecution.

Bessemer Process

A method for mass-producing steel by removing impurities from molten iron, leading to significant industrial growth.

Vertical Integration

A business strategy where a company controls multiple stages of production, from raw materials to final product.

Social Gospel

A religious movement advocating that faith should promote social welfare and justice.

Immigrant Enclaves

Urban areas where immigrants of the same nationality settle together, creating cultural communities.

Industrialization

The process by which an economy transforms from agrarian to one based on the manufacturing of goods.

Transcontinental Railroad

A major railroad linking the eastern U.S. with the Pacific Coast, completed in 1869, which significantly aided economic development.

Labor Exploitation

The act of treating workers unfairly, often through low wages and poor working conditions, prevalent during the Gilded Age.