StemUp: AQA A level Biology 3.1.6 ATP

What type of molecule is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? (1)

Nucleotide derivative (a modified nucleotide)

Draw and label the structure of ATP (1)

- Adenosine

- Ribose

- Three phosphate group

Write out the equations of the hydrolysis and resynthesis of ATP (2)

Describe how ATP is resynthesised in cells (3)

- From ADP and Pi

- By ATP synthase

- During respiration / photosynthesis

Describe how ATP is hydrolysed in cells (2)

- Into ADP and Pi

- By ATP hydrolase

What can the hydrolysis of ATP be coupled to? (2)

- Energy requiring reactions

- E.g. protein synthesis, muscle contraction, ion transport etc

What can the inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of ATP be used for? (2)

- To phosphorylate other compounds

- Making them more reactive

Why do humans have to synthesise a large amount of ATP? (2)

- ATP cannot be stored as it is an immediate source of energy

- Only a small amount of energy is released at a time

Explain why ATP is useful in many biological processes (4)

- ATP releases energy in small manageable amounts

- ATP is broken down in a one step reaction

- It phosphorylates other compounds to make them more reactive

- Reformed / remade / resyntesised easily