Growth of Nationalism in India

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the growth of Indian nationalism, repressive British policies, social reformers, and the formation of the Indian National Congress.

Nationalism

The feeling of oneness and common consciousness that emerges when people living in a common territory share the same historical, political, and cultural background.

Economic Exploitation of Peasants

The British took a large part of produce in land revenue and taxes, leading peasants into the trap of landlords and moneylenders.

Artisans and Craftsmen

A group whose livelihood was destroyed by the English East India Company using political power to turn India into a source of raw materials for Britain and a market for finished products.

Lord Lytton

The Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880 whose repressive policies, such as the Grand Delhi Durbar and the Vernacular Press Act, acted as a catalyst for the nationalist movement.

Grand Delhi Durbar (1877)

An event organized to proclaim Queen Victoria as the Empress of India where lakhs of rupees were spent while Indians were dying of a famine.

Vernacular Press Act (1878)

An act introduced by Lord Lytton to prevent vernacular papers from publishing material that might excite dissatisfaction against the British Government.

Indian Arms Act (1878)

A law making it a criminal offence for Indians to carry arms without a licence, though the restriction was not applicable to the British.

Ilbert Bill (1883)

A bill prepared by CP Ilbert to provide for the trial of British or European persons by Indian judges; it was withdrawn after intense British opposition.

Raja Rammohan Roy

Known as the father of Indian Renaissance, he founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 and worked to abolish religious and social evils like Sati.

Brahmo Samaj

An organization founded in 1828 that believed in Monotheism and condemned idol worship while emphasizing prayer, meditation, and charity.

Samwad Kaumudi

A Bengali weekly started by Raja Rammohan Roy in 1821.

Law of 1829

A law passed by Governor-General William Bentinck, due to the efforts of Rammohan Roy, making the practice of Sati illegal and punishable.

Jyotiba Phule

An urban-educated reformer who worked for the upliftment of women and untouchables and advocated for widow remarriage.

Ghulamgiri

A famous book written by Jyotiba Phule describing the hardships and distress felt by the lower castes.

Satya Shodhak Samaj

An organization founded by Jyotiba Phule in 1873 with the aim of securing social justice for the weaker sections of society.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati

The first reformer to use the word 'Swaraj' and raise the slogan 'India for the Indians'.

Landholders' Society

The first political association to be started in India, established in Kolkata in 1838.

East India Association

Founded in London in 1866 by Dadabhai Naoroji to provide information on Indian subjects to British citizens and Members of Parliament.

Dadabhai Naoroji

Known as the Grand Old Man of India, he believed the British were basically just and founded the East India Association.

Indian Association (1876)

An All-India Movement headed by Surendranath Banerjee that aimed to unify Indian people based on common political interests.

Indian National Conference (1883)

An organization called by Surendranath Banerjee that offered a model for the Indian National Congress and merged with it in December 1886.

A.O. Hume

A retired British member of the Indian Civil Service who laid the foundation of the Indian National Union.

Indian National Congress (INC)

Founded on 28th Dec, 1885, in Mumbai under the presidentship of Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee with 72 delegates.

Safety-valve Theory

The idea held by Lord Dufferin that the Congress would act as a outlet for popular discontent to safeguard British interests.

Surat Session (1907)

The 23rd Session of the INC where the party split into Early and Assertive Nationalists.

Lucknow Session (1916)

The 31st Session of the INC, a joint session with the Muslim League where Early and Assertive nationalists united.