Chemistry Unit 3 Exam Review

me when I have to self-teach

Cation

positively charged ion - smaller than the neutral atom

Anion

negatively charged ion - larger than the neutral atom

Properties of Metals

solid at room temp., hard, shiny, strong, ductile, malleable, and conductive

Location of Metals

left side and middle of the periodic table

Properties of Metal Electrons

usually has 1, 2, or 3 valence electrons and they tend to lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)

Nonmetal Properties

brittle, poor conductors, not shiny, soft, dull, high ionization energy

Location of Nonmetals

right side of periodic table

Properties of Nonmetal Electrons

usually has 4-8 valence electrons and tends to gain electrons (forms anions)

Metallic Bond

a bond exclusively between metals with a bulk of metal atoms that are clumped together

Metallic Bond Electrons

the electrons move freely within molecular orbits, so each electron becomes detatched from its parent atom

Ionic Bond

a chemical bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom

Ionic Bond Electrons

the electrons transfer one or more electrons between atoms

Covalent Bond

a bond formed between two or more nonmetals where the nonmetals will share electrons to complete their octet (except H, Be, and B)

Number of valence electrons

based on the group number