GACE School Counseling

Which of the following most clearly distinguishes empathy responses from interpretation responses?

A. Interpretation goes beyond a client's statement and offers new views, whereas empathy reflects what the client is already experiencing

B. Interpretation is directive, whereas empathy is not

C. Interpretation works ahead of the client, whereas empathy does not

D. Empathy responses are less likely to be accepted by the client than interpretation responses

A. Interpretation goes beyond a client's statement and offers new views, whereas empathy reflects what the client is already experiencing

Which statement most clearly demonstrates a reflection of feeling?

A. I'm feeling angry as I listen to you talk about this.

B. I wonder if you've ever felt this way before.

C. You felt sad that she decided not to go with you; is that what you felt?

D. What did that make you feel like doing?

C. You felt sad that she decided not to go with you; is that what you felt?

Mary's mother meets with the school counselor at Mary's middle school. Mary's mother immediately says, "I'm very concerned about the girls that Mary is spending so much time with. They are just not a good influence on her. I want you to make sure she doesn't spend time with them here at school."

Which of the following would be the most effective initial response for the counselor to make?

A. "I'm pretty sure that those other girls won't make Mary do anything you wouldn't want her to do."

B. "I can tell that you're very concerned about Mary. What else can you tell me about the problem as you see it?"

C. "Does Mary know you are here talking to me about this?"

D. "If you'll tell me their names, I'll do what I can to help Mary decide not to spend so much time with them."

B. "I can tell that you're very concerned about Mary. What else can you tell me about the problem as you see it?"

All of the following are types of behavior therapy interventions EXCEPT:

A. systematic desensitization.

B. free association.

C. aversive conditioning.

D. chaining.

B. Free association

All of the following are core roles for school counselors EXCEPT:

A. consultation

B. appraisal

C. counseling

D. scheduling bus duty

D. scheduling bus duty

Which of the following descriptions best illustrates Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory?

A. A mother takes away Joey's video game after he hits his sister, so he hits his sister less often

B. A father stops nagging his daughter to clean up her room after she finally cleans it, so the daughter cleans her room more often to prevent her father's nagging

C. A teacher gives a student a star each time she raises her hand before speaking out, so the student raises her hand more often

D. A woman uses tools to assemble a wooden bench and later finds her son hitting the bench with a hammer

D. A woman uses tools to assemble a wooden bench and later finds her son hitting the bench with a hammer

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate reason to use questioning during a counseling interview?

A. To put the client at ease at the beginning of the interview

B. To request that the client elaborate about a topic or issue

C. To bring out specifics about the client's life

D. To indirectly tell a client the counselor's own opinion

D. To indirectly tell a client the counselor's own opinion

"Don't you think it might be time to try something different when he starts yelling and screaming?" What is most inappropriate about the counselor's statement above?

A. It contains multiple questions

B. It is a bombarding question

C. It is a culturally insensitive question

D. It uses judgmental pressure

D. It uses judgmental pressure

Mary, an 18-year-old high school senior, informs the school counselor that she plans to marry her 19-year-old boyfriend the day after graduation. Legally, the school counselor is obligated to

A. call the student's parents and tell them of the situation.

B. report the information to the Department of Education.

C. call the student's boyfriend and ask him not to marry her.

D. do nothing since the student is of legal age to get married

D. Do nothing since the student is of legal age to get married.

According to John Holland's career typology model, which term describes students who do not have a clear sense of which career type suits them and report enjoying activities of all kinds?

A. Undecided

B. Undifferentiated

C. Incongruent

D. Inconclusive

B. Undifferentiated

RATIONALE:

Holland's concept of undifferentiation refers to someone who does not have distinct preferences among the six types of activities but is interested in most or all of them.

Which of the following school counselor strategies would be most appropriate and effective in assisting students belonging to a cultural minority who are being affected by other students' prejudicial opinions and behaviors?

A. Facilitating cultural-identity groups for students in the cultural minority

B. Requiring all students to watch videos about prejudice

C. Working individually with students whose behavior is offensive to those in the cultural minority

D. Sending home materials and asking parents to talk with their children about prejudice

A. Facilitating cultural-identity groups for students in the cultural minority

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004 requires a school counselor to be involved in which of the following activities?

A. Participating in Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings and processes

B. Conducting formal testing of students with disabilities

C. Referring students with disabilities for special education services

D. Educating parents about how to manage the challenges of having a child with a disability

A. Participating in Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings and processes

Mr. Ling administers a new math achievement test to all students in several math classes in his high school. Six weeks later, he re-administers the same achievement test to evaluate its reliability. He finds that the reliability coefficient between the two administrations of the test, r, is -.88. Which statement is most accurate about the result?

A. The test demonstrates adequate test-retest reliability.

B. The test demonstrates adequate internal-consistency reliability.

C. The test demonstrates adequate interrater reliability.

D. There was a computation error, because reliability coefficients cannot be negative.

D. There was a computation error, because reliability coefficients cannot be negative.

RATIONALE:

While correlation coefficients may range from -1.00 to +1.00, reliability coefficients can range only from 0.00 to +1.00. Because the reported coefficient in this example is negative, it must have been miscalculated.

The school counselor informs Luis' parents that his achievement test scores place him at the 83rd percentile for students in the district. Which of the following statements about Luis' performance is most accurate?

A. Luis answered 83% of the test questions correctly.

B. Eighty-three percent of the students in the district scored the same as or lower than Luis did.

C. Luis' score was lower than that of 83% of the students in the district.

D. Luis' score was below average for the district

B. Eighty-three percent of the students in the district scored the same as or lower than Luis did.

Mr. Lincoln is a counselor in an urban middle school in which African American and Hispanic students account for more than 60 percent of the student body. When considering which of several career development instruments to use in helping his students plan for high school and beyond, which of the following test features is most important?

A. The range of content covered on the test

B. The ethnic distribution of the norm groups on which the interpretations are based

C. The mean score of the test

D. The socioeconomic levels represented by the careers to which the test compares student responses

B. The ethnic distribution of the norm groups on which the interpretations are based

Vinod, a fourth grader, has just moved into the district, and his parents are concerned that he will not make friends because the school year is well under way. Which of the following actions by the counselor is most appropriate?

A. Having Vinod come in for some brief sessions with the counselor to talk about how to make new friends

B. Inviting Vinod to join a group that has been meeting weekly in which the students talk about their families

C. Asking some of the other students in Vinod's grade to eat lunch and play with him during recess

D. Reassuring Vinod's parents that he will adjust easily and that they should not worry

C. Asking some of the other students in Vinod's grade to eat lunch and play with him during recess

Following a discussion about a student with the school counselor, Ms. Johannsen, a teacher, begins talking about her struggles balancing the demands of her teaching job with her family and social life. She then discloses that she and her husband are having marital problems. What is the most appropriate way for the school counselor to respond?

A. Offering to do several brief counseling sessions with Ms. Johannsen after regular school hours

B. Offering to see Ms. Johannsen for private counseling after school hours in the school counselor's home

C. Acknowledging her concerns and then providing Ms. Johannsen with a referral list of several possible mental health providers in the area

D. Suggesting that Ms. Johannsen and her husband seek marital counseling

C. Acknowledging her concerns and then providing Ms. Johannsen with a referral list of several possible mental health providers in the area

Which of the following best describes the use of classroom guidance activities in comprehensive guidance programs?

A. They are an integral part of the school curriculum, with identified student competencies and learning outcomes.

B. They may be offered at the request of a classroom teacher for topics the teacher feels unprepared to teach.

C. They are secondary to the individual and small-group counseling services that are the main focus of school counseling programs.

D. They are collaborations between the school counselor and the classroom teacher, with the teacher delivering the content developed by the counselor

A. They are an integral part of the school curriculum, with identified student competencies and learning outcomes.

A middle school counselor would like to develop a new approach to help students make the decision to avoid drugs and alcohol. Which of the following approaches is most likely to be effective?

A. Having students watch a movie that shows the harmful effects of drugs and alcohol

B. Having students listen to a lecture and view a presentation on the risks of using drugs and alcohol

C. Identifying the students in the demographic groups most at risk to abuse drugs and alcohol and having them join a process group

D. Recruiting some older students from the high school, including some who have used drugs and alcohol but now do not, to come and talk with the middle school classes

D. Recruiting some older students from the high school, including some who have used drugs and alcohol but now do not, to come and talk with the middle school classes

Needs assessments are important to the development of a comprehensive guidance program because they do which of the following?

A. Assure that the counselor will not overestimate the actual needs of students in the school

B. Provide empirical data from which to establish goals and objectives for the program

C. Prevent unnecessary use of time and resources on nonessential services

D. Keep all school staff aware of the value of the counseling program

B. Provide empirical data from which to establish goals and objectives for the program

Which of the following resources would likely be the most valuable for a school counselor to use to develop the counseling program and provide effective services?

A. A chat room for students to use to talk with each other about their concerns

B. An online discussion group for teachers to use to share concerns and exchange ideas

C. A Web page for students and parents that provides information about the guidance program and links recommended by the counselor

D. An online counseling program for students to use to interact with counselors during off-school hours

C. A Web page for students and parents that provides information about the guidance program and links recommended by the counselor

Which of the following summarizes most accurately the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), also known as the Buckley Amendment?

A. Parents of students and students older than 18 have the right to view all official school records related to the student, while others have limited access to the records

B. Families of children with disabilities have the right to keep records concerning their child's disability completely private

C. Parents of students and students older than 18 must be given the opportunity to periodically review the student's official records

D. School personnel are required to notify parents immediately whenever an entry is made in the student's official school record

A. Parents of students and students older than 18 have the right to view all official school records related to the student, while others have limited access to the records

According to the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) Ethical Standards for School Counselors, a counselor who is made aware of a possible ethical breach by another school counselor should take which of the following steps first?

A. Contacting the state department responsible for certification of school counselors to file a complaint

B. Encouraging the person who shared the information with the counselor to submit an ethics complaint against the other counselor

C. Contacting the national ASCA ethics office for guidance

D. Consulting confidentially with another professional colleague to discuss the situation and jointly determine if there was a violation

D. Consulting confidentially with another professional colleague to discuss the situation and jointly determine if there was a violation

Which of the following is the most effective way for counselors to maintain their professional growth, develop new skills, and prevent burnout?

A. Keeping current in their reading of professional journals on school counseling

B. Consulting with other, more experienced counselors

C. Attending workshops, seminars, conferences, and other professional development activities

D. Buying and reading new books about topics that appear relevant to the counselors' work

C. Attending workshops, seminars, conferences, and other professional development activities

Ms. Anderson, the middle school counselor, has been increasingly concerned about the health of her elderly mother. She has been providing for her care after work and on weekends. She has also been required to leave work in the middle of the school day to provide care. As Ms. Anderson works with students, she notices that she has less energy and concentration. She is also behind in her paperwork. Which of the following is the best first step for Ms. Anderson to take to reduce her level of stress?

A. Informing her colleagues and administrators of her situation and concerns and seek a temporary reduction in responsibility

B. Taking a leave of absence to deal with her mother's health needs

C. Asking a colleague to be on call for last-minute coverage if she needs to leave the office

D. Hiring a caregiver to take care of her mother's needs

A. Informing her colleagues and administrators of her situation and concerns and seek a temporary reduction in responsibility

A school counseling program is to be established in a public school that has just opened in an expanding school district. The first step in developing the program is to

A. survey the guidance and counseling needs of the student body.

B. devise behavioral objectives for classroom management.

C. decide on minimum competency levels for student progression to higher grade levels.

D. gather appropriate counseling and guidance materials, such as tests and occupational information

A. survey the guidance and counseling needs of the student body

All of the following are fundamental guidelines included in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA 2004) EXCEPT

A. children with disabilities must be given the opportunity to receive a free, appropriate education.

B. assessments must include the use of multiple evaluative procedures.

C. parental consent is required before any assessment activities can take place.

D. institutions are financially responsible for all testing that occurs.

D. institutions are financially responsible for all testing that occurs

Ms. Reger has 10 students from the same class referred to her anger-management group. She decides to evaluate the effects of a certain small-group anger-management program, and she plans to use all 10 students in the experiment. Which of the following is the type of sampling method that she uses?

A. Cluster

B. Convenience

C. Quota

D. Simple random

B. Convenience

Ashley, a high school sophomore, tells the school counselor that she is depressed about her recent breakup with her boyfriend. During the conversation, Ashley says she wishes she "could go to sleep and never wake up." In this situation, the counselor should

A. immediately call the local mental health facility for a psychiatric evaluation.

B. assess whether Ashley is suicidal and intervene if she is.

C. recognize that Ashley's statement is only a cry for help and should not be taken seriously.

D. see if there is any chance of reconciliation for Ashley and her boyfriend.

B. assess whether Ashley is suicidal and intervene if she is

Nolan High School has experienced two student suicide deaths in the past six months. Which of the following statements best describes an appropriate response to the situation?

A. The school counselors provide a pamphlet to all parents to increase awareness of suicidal tendencies in teenagers.

B. The school counselors assist the administrative team in calling parents of grieving students.

C. The school counselors, along with the leadership team and outside community agencies, collaborate to hold an informational suicide prevention forum for parents, students, faculty, and community members.

D. The school counselors implement a crisis intervention plan, which includes providing grief counseling, communicating with parents and local agencies, and helping to restore a sense of normalcy to the school environment through open-discussion informational forums, group and individual counseling sessions, and staff support groups

D. The school counselors implement a crisis intervention plan, which includes providing grief counseling, communicating with parents and local agencies, and helping to restore a sense of normalcy to the school environment through open-discussion informational forums, group and individual counseling sessions, and staff support groups

While working with a student individually, a school counselor noticed that the student frequently describes objects such as cars and trees as having feelings and other lifelike properties. Which of the following of Jean Piaget's concepts is best illustrated by this behavior?

A. Animism

B. Centration

C. Object permanence

D. Equilibration

A. Animism

RATIONALE:

According to Piaget's cognitive developmental theory, animism refers to situations in which a child attributes lifelike properties to inanimate objects.

During classroom guidance lessons, an elementary school counselor assists students based on each student's needs. Providing such assistance is consistent with Lev Vygotsky's concept of

A. guided participation.

B. private speech.

C. scaffolding.

D. intersubjectivity.

C. scaffolding

RATIONALE:

Scaffolding, according to Vygotsky, is a strategy in which someone gauges the amount of assistance needed by a student and then matches the need.

The process of an active organism exhibiting controlled behavior is called:

A. Operant Conditioning

B. Modeling

C. Counterconditioning

D. Transference

A. Operant Conditioning

The stage of life in Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory includes all of the following except:

A. Innocence vs. Generativity

B. Basic Trust vs. Basic Mistrust

C. Identity vs. Role Confusion

D. Ego Integrity vs. Despair

A. Innocence vs. Generativity

Which of the following are not schools of thought in psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theory:

A. Object relations and ego psychology

B. Object relations and reinforcement

C. Multimodal therapy and attachment theory

D. Multimodal therapy and reinforcement

D. Multimodal therapy and reinforcement

Behavior therapy is based on all of the following except:

A. Developmental stages

B. Conditioning

C. Learning theory

D. The ability to change

A. Developmental stages

Around age 9 or 10, children experience all the following physical changes except:

A. Hormonal shifts

B. Growth spurts

C. Additional teeth and a change in jaw size

D. New body hair

C. Additional teeth and a change in jaw size

Developmental milestones:

A. Clearly identify where a child falls in a specific area of growth

B. Serve as guideposts

C. Cannot be relied upon

D. Are significantly different for boys and girls

B. Serve as guideposts

Children's developmental is affected by all of the following factors except:

A. Gender and race

B. Religion

C. Their caregivers' emotional availability

D. Nutrition

B. Religion

Factors related to homelessness or migrant worker status may make it difficult for students to:

A. Get a job after high school

B. Get to school and/or attend in class

C. Succeed in school

D. Make friends at school

B. Get to school and/or attend in class

Stressors that may affect a student's school performance include all of the following except:

A. Mental health issues

B. Having a single parent

C. Losing a parent to death or divorce

D. Being harassed at school

B. Having a single parent

Possible signs of child abuse do not include:

A. Frequent bone fractures

B. Old clothing

C. Self-destructive behavior

D. Poor hygiene

B. Old clothing

Indications of substance abuse do not include:

A. Attention problems

B. Non-participation in athletic activities

C. Bizarre behavior

D. Unawareness of surroundings

B. Non-participation in athletic activities

All of the following are signs of anorexia nervosa except:

A. Malnutrition

B. Behavior regression

C. No outward signs

D. Recognizable weight loss

C. No outward signs

When students self-injure, they:

A. Are suicidal

B. Are overly focused on what others think of them

C. Do it primarily to get attention

D. Are expressing emotional pain in a physical way

D. Are expressing emotional pain in a physical way

Stages of human development as outlines by Jean Piaget include all of the following except:

A. Sensorimotor Stage

B. Concrete Operational Stage

C. Cultural and Environmental Stage

D. Formal Operational Stage

C. Cultural and Environmental Stage

Categories of theories of learning are all the following except:

A. Behavioristic

B. Functionalistic

C. Associationistic

D. Cognitive

A. Behavioristic

The process of learning is not impacted by:

A. Past experiences

B. Environmental factors

C. Psychosexual stages

D. Mental processes

C. Psychosexual stages

The success of a child in school does not depend on:

A. Class size

B. Home attitude towards education

C. Initial positive introduction to the school experience

D. Addressing the specific needs of each child

A. Class size

Individual learning styles can be expressed in relation to all the following except:

A. Environmental factors

B. Emotional factors

C. Intelligence quotients

D. Sociological elements

C. Intelligence quotients

Positive school environments have all of the following characteristics except:

A. Strict rules

B. Clear adult leadership

C. Respect for diversity

D. Policies and procedures to ensure the safety of everyone in the school community

A. Strict rules

A positive school environment:

A. Is the primary responsibility of the school counselor

B. Cannot be effectively determined without good testing instruments

C. Is created by an attitude of collaboration and care

D. Is difficult to achieve in today's world

C. Is created by an attitude of collaboration and care

Effects of stereotyping and prejudice on victims do not include:

A. Confrontation of the perpetrator by the victim

B. The development of a sense of inferiority

C. The development of a persecution complex

D. Thoughts of violence toward the perpetrator

A. Confrontation of the perpetrator by the victim

Violence prevention programs do not include:

A. Conflict resolution seminars

B. Behavior modification programs

C. Training faculty and staff to intervene before violent confrontations occur

D. Instituting a boxing program to train students to protect themselves

D. Instituting a boxing program to train students to protect themselves

The occupational environments of Holland's theory do not include:

A. Artistic and social

B. Realistic and conventional

C. Enterprising and investigative

D. Hostile and negative

D. Hostile and negative

Super's theory of vocations is based upon all of the following except:

A. The inheritance of psychic energies

B. The development of self-concepts

C. External conditions that dictate the expression of self-concepts vocationally

D. Developmental behavior theory

A. The inheritance of psychic energies

Similarities in theories of vocational choice are all of the following except:

A. They describe the relationship between two sets of observations

B. They consider family influence on vocational choice a primary consideration

C. They are usually based upon personality theory

D. They emphasize the same types of critical periods in career development

B. They consider family influence on vocational choice a primary consideration

Decision making occurs at all the following critical points in career development except:

A. When a student enters high school

B. In selecting an entry level job

C. When selecting education plans

D. In changing jobs

A. When a student enters high school

In evaluating education and career materials all of the following should be considered except:

A. Appropriate vocabulary for the targeted age and reading level

B. Verified accuracy of the information

C. Material from advertisements and trade organizations

D. The avoidance of biased and stereotyping images

C. Material from advertisements and trade organizations

In evaluating the content of career information, all of the following areas should be included except:

A. The impressions of the reader as indicated by filling out an evaluation form

B. The preparation required for entry-level jobs

C. The work setting and conditions of the career

D. The long-term employment outlook

A. The impressions of the reader as indicated by filling out an evaluation form

Sources of information on education and vocational choices include:

A. Neighbors and relatives

B. American Trade School Directory

C. The career guide of private schools Getting Skilled, Getting Ahead

D. The local library

A. Neighbors and relatives

Shadowing is not:

A. Spending an extended period of time with a particular person in a chosen field

B. A paid experience

C. A learning experience by the student and the business volunteer

D. Experiencing the daily routine of a particular business

B. A paid experience

The role of the counselor in assisting students in exploring career and educational options includes all of the following except:

A. Have material for exploration easily accessible

B. Support and encourage students in their search for career choices

C. Help students form realistic decisions

D. Explain career choice theories to them

D. Explain career choice theories to them

Post-secondary education opportunities are not offered in:

A. Vocational training

B. Community colleges

C. The military

D. Practical experience

D. Practical experience

Post-secondary educational opportunities do not depend on:

A. The type of career in which the individual has an interest

B. The abilities of the individual

C. The social status of the individual

D. The costs involved in attending

C. The social status of the individual

Reliable sources of information on scholarships and financial aid do not include:

A. The guidance counselor

B. Local scholarships

C. Newspaper advertisements and paid financial aid sources

D. Local and guidance department libraries

C. Newspaper advertisements and paid financial aid sources

Financial aid specifically earmarked for women and minorities is least likely to be found in:

A. General financial aid references

B. Minority and women's organizations

C. The publication "The Higher Education Money Book for Women and Minorities"

D. Local minority houses of worship

A. General financial aid references

The major steps in Zunker's model for using assessment results in developmental career counseling are all of the following except:

A. Analyzing needs

B. Establishing the purpose of the test

C. Administering a complete battery of tests

D. Utilizing the results of assessment

C. Administering a complete battery of tests

Effective study skills do not include:

A. Learning the material and then putting it aside until there is an exam scheduled

B. Studying every day at a certain time

C. Taking good notes

D. Reviewing frequently

A. Learning the material and then putting it aside until there is an exam scheduled

In helping students to make decisions, steps in the process do not include:

A. Defining the problem

B. Listing all the options

C. Surveying family, friends, and peers

D. Formulating goals in relation to outcomes

C. Surveying family, friends, and peers

With regard to counseling, it is beyond the scope of the school counselor's role to:

A. Provide individual and group counseling

B. Provide crisis intervention

C. Provide family consultation

D. Provide mental health evaluations

D. Provide mental health evaluations

The thinking through of irrational thoughts that have resulted in emotional problems is the basis of this theory:

A. Reality Therapy

B. Gestalt Therapy

C. Behavior Therapy

D. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

D. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Questions of freedom, choice, and responsibility are addressed in:

A. Reality Therapy

B. Existential Therapy

C. Behavior Therapy

D. Person-Centered Therapy

B. Existential Therapy

The therapist, in person-centered therapy, should have all of the following personality characteristics except:

A. Genuineness

B. Unconditional Positive Regard

C. Empathic Understanding

D. Polarized Thinking

D. Polarized Thinking

The layers of neurosis in Perl's Gestalt theory of neurosis include all of the following except:

A. Phobic Layer

B. Impasse Layer

C. Meaninglessness layer

D. Explosive layer

C. Meaninglessness layer

The WDEP model in reality theory includes all of the following except:

A. Wants

B. Direction

C. Evaluation

D. Planning and Commitment

B. Direction

In applying counseling theories to specific situations, it is important that the counselor does all of the following except:

A. Create a rapport with the student

B. Pick a theory to use and stick to that theory

C. Involve the student in the decision-making process

D. Encourage the student to make his/her own decisions

B. Pick a theory to apply and stick to that theory

A concept not used in counseling theory is:

A. Changing behavior based on present situations

B. Freud's division of development into five stages

C. The correction of irrational and illogical thinking

D. Learning ways to rationalize our behavior

D. Learning ways to rationalize our behavior

The keys to effective communication include all of the following except:

A. Being able to anticipate what the speaker is going to say

B. Paying attention to nonverbal communication

C. Asking for clarification

D. Expressing oneself clearly and directly

A. Being able to anticipate what the speaker is going to say

Elements of good listening skills include all of the following except:

A. Involving strong emotions in the process of listening

B. Being genuinely interested in the speaker

C. Remembering what has been said

D. Permitting a speaker to express him/herself fully

A. Involving strong emotions in the process of listening

Good responding skills include all of the following except:

A. Ability to show your feelings without inhibitions

B. Reflecting back the other person's feelings

C. Giving constructive feedback

D. Maintaining eye contact

A. Ability to show your feelings without inhibitions

Some current sources of professional information for counselors do not include:

A. Professional journals

B. Workshops and conventions

C. Visitations to other school programs

D. Teenage magazines

D. Teenage magazines

Topics for discussion in the initial interview with a student to gain rapport do not include:

A. Academic progress

B. Activities in which the student is participating

C. Difficulties in school adjustment for the entering student

D. Matters of discipline referral

D. Matters of discipline referral

Ways not to be effective in communicating information to students are:

A. Through individual interviews

B. Through contacting friends and parents

C. Through home room visitations

D. Encouraging the student to assess his or her interests and needs

B. Through contacting friends and parents

Components of an orientation program should include each of the following except:

A. Advance notice by mail

B. Invitations to the entire community

C. A tour of the facilities

D. Introduction of counselors and administrators to students and parents with a description of their roles

B. Invitations to the entire community

A disadvantage of group counseling is:

A. The presence of a built-in support system

B. A non-threatening atmosphere

C. The ability to substitute the group for the real world, permitting the client unlimited time to make adjustments

D. The counselor can reach more clients

C. The ability to substitute the group for the real world, permitting the client unlimited time to make adjustments

Limitations of group counseling are all of the following except:

A. There is pressure to accept group values without analyzing them

B. The counselor has to deal with a diverse population

C. People sometimes function poorly in groups

D. Individuals in the group can justify their present status by reinforcement from the group

B. The counselor has to deal with a diverse population

Group dynamics include all of the following except:

A. A political ideology built on the concept of the organization and management of groups

B. The employment of specific techniques and concepts to keep the group vitalized

C. A branch of knowledge concerned with groups and their interactions, and interactions with other groups and individuals

D. A description of individual behavior

D. A description of individual behavior

Group dynamics is all of the following except:

A. An emphasis on empirical research and theory

B. A branch of knowledge concerned mainly with the way groups form

C. The relationships of groups with observable phenomena

D. The interrelationship of all social science disciplines

B. A branch of knowledge concerned mainly with the way groups form

The need for specialized programs may be indicated by all of the following except:

A. Classroom management problems

B. Targeted grant money

C. A formal needs assessment

D. Teacher or counselor observations

B. Targeted grant money

All of the following are good prevention approaches except:

A. Informing parent/guardian(s) about their child's behavior in the school setting

B. Programs on conflict resolution and communication skills

C. Anger management groups

D. Special programs such as the Lunch Bunch

A. Informing parent/guardian(s) about their child's behavior in the school setting

In using students as a resource in peer leadership the counselor should:

A. Not be present when students are conducting a group

B. Choose the leaders from potential dropouts

C. Try not to let the parents know what the process involves

D. Have the student leaders go through an extensive period of training by a professional

D. Have the student leaders go through an extensive period of training by a professional

Consultation process models include all of the following except:

A. Doctor/patient model

B. Friend of the family model

C. Behavior consultation model

D. Mental health consultation model

B. Friend of the family model

The role of consultants in problem solving processes does not include functioning:

A. As an advocate

B. As an expert in a particular area

C. As a school official

D. As a process specialist

C. As a school official

Procedures in the consultation process include all except:

A. Relationship building

B. Monitoring of the process of behavior change by a neutral party

C. Evaluation and summarization

D. Diagnosis of the problem

B. Monitoring of the process of behavior change by a neutral party

The consultation process in the school setting does not include:

A. Eliminating the need to counsel students

B. The meeting of a consultant and a consultee

C. The solving of a specific problem

D. Involving consultees (people seeking solutions to student problems)

A. Eliminating the need to counsel students

The role the counselor can take in assisting participants in the consultation process does not include:

A. Demonstrating classroom behavior management techniques

B. Describing the nature of the problem

C. Teaching specific skills

D. Helping devise strategies to change behaviors

A. Demonstrating classroom behavior management techniques

In the consultation process, communicating student's needs to others does not include:

A. Making a judgment by the counselor to others as to what is best for the student

B. Clarifying the needs of the student with the student

C. Opening lines of communication between the consultee and the student by having open dialogue

D. Balancing the needs of the student and the consultee so each can understand the other's position

A. Making a judgment by the counselor to others as to what is best for the student

Procedures for successful communication with parent/guardian(s) in the consultation process do not include:

A. Informing parents frequently as to the progress of the resolution of the problem

B. Using parents as a valuable source of information about the student

C. Accepting parents' ideas for behavior modification

D. Explaining the problem in simple language as parents are probably unaware of all ramifications

D. Explaining the problem in simple language as parents are probably unaware of all ramifications

Contributions of parents to the consultation process do not include:

A. Family and medical history

B. Usually, parents do not contribute to the process, as they are uncooperative

C. Monitoring the child at home

D. A positive attitude

B. Usually, parents do not contribute to the process, as they are uncooperative