Skeletal Muscle and Smooth Muscle Metabolism

These flashcards cover key concepts related to skeletal muscle metabolism, cardiac muscle structure, and smooth muscle function based on the lecture notes.

What are the three ways to generate ATP in skeletal muscle fibers?

Immediate supply via the phosphagen system, short-term supply via anaerobic cellular respiration, and long-term supply via aerobic cellular respiration.

What does the phosphagen system do?

It provides immediate energy by utilizing ATP and creatine phosphate.

Which metabolic process generates ATP through glycolysis?

Anaerobic cellular respiration.

What is oxygen debt?

The amount of additional oxygen required following exercise to restore pre-exercise conditions.

What are intercalated discs?

Structures that connect cardiac muscle cells and allow for coordinated contractions.

How does smooth muscle differ in structure from skeletal muscle?

Smooth muscle is not striated and lacks sarcomeres, with myofilaments organized differently.

Where is smooth muscle primarily found?

It is found in the walls of hollow organs, including blood vessels, respiratory passages, and the digestive tract.

What initiates smooth muscle contraction?

The binding of calcium ions to calmodulin, which activates myosin light-chain kinase.

What is the difference between multiunit and single-unit smooth muscle?

Multiunit smooth muscle contracts independently, while single-unit smooth muscle contracts as a group.

In what way do hormones affect smooth muscle?

Hormones such as oxytocin can stimulate smooth muscle contraction, as seen in the uterus during childbirth.