Social and Cultural Constraints on Gender and Sports

Sex

Biological characteristics defining male or female.

Gender

Classification based on visible and sociological traits.

Gender Typing

Encouragement of gender-appropriate activities by parents.

Masculine Sports

Sports traditionally associated with male participation.

Feminine Sports

Sports traditionally associated with female participation.

Motor Skills Development

Limited practice may hinder skill potential in girls.

Peer Pressure

Influence of peers on engagement in activities.

Socializing Agents

Influencers like family, coaches, and peers.

Family Influence

Largest impact on socialization in children.

Coaches' Role

Vital in children's development and participation.

Self Esteem

Emotional response linked to participation in activities.

Communication Impact

Verbal/non-verbal feedback affects self-esteem by age 10.

Role Models

Figures like parents influence children under age 10.

Puberty Independence

Increased independence and peer reliance during adolescence.

Motivation

Drive to start or continue physical activities.

Social Engagement

Increased motivation leads to greater social interaction.

Stereotypes Awareness

Consideration of stereotypes in adult participation.

Lifespan Participation

Engagement in sports can occur at any age.

Demotivation Factors

Dislike of coach, pressure, or lack of success.

Validation Needs

Young children require more validation for self-esteem.

Professional Confidence

Experienced athletes possess higher self-esteem and confidence.