Unit 1 - Biochem and the Unity of Life
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40 Terms
what is the source of carbon and nitrogen?
the air
what is the angstrom?
10^-10 meters
kilo → abbreviation and factor
k and 10³
hecto → abbreviation and factor
h and 10²
deca → abbreviation and factor
da and 10
deci → abbreviation and factor
d and 10^-1
centi → abbreviation and factor
c and 10^-2
milli → abbreviation and factor
m and 10^-3
micro → abbreviation and factor
µ and 10^-6
nano → abbreviation and factor
n and 10^-9
pico → abbreviation and factor
p and 10^-12
what is the size of a C-H bond?
1 Angstrom
what is the range of the thickness of a cell membrane?
6-10 nm
what is the size of a ribosome?
30 nm
what is the size of E. coli (bacterial cell)?
2 µm
what is the size range of the nucleus?
10-20 µm
what is the size of a human skin cell?
30 µm
what is the hydrogen composition in humans?
63%
what is the oxygen composition in humans?
25.5%
what is the carbon composition in humans?
9.5%
what is the hydrogen composition in seawater?
66%
what is the oxygen composition in seawater?
33%
what is the oxygen composition in the earth’s crust?
47%
what is the silicon composition in the earth’s crust?
28%
what is the aluminum composition in the earth’s crust?
7.9%
give examples of metal ions
K+, Na+, Ca++, Mg++, Zn++, Fe++
metal ions play important roles in…
metabolism
what are the four major classes of biomolecules?
proteins, carbs, nucleic acids, lipids
lipids have…
dual properties (hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head)
lipids join together in a _______ process
spontaneous
what type of environment do lipids join together in?
an aqueous environment
what is the size of a bacterial cell?
1 µm
what is the size of an animal cell?
50 µm
list common features between a bacterial cell and an animal cell
ribosomes, cytoplasm, plasma membrane
which part of the central dogma requires DNA polymerase?
replication
which part of the central dogma uses a single DNA strand to produce mRNA?
transcription
which part of the central dogma adds amino acids to a peptide chain?
translation
which part of the central dogma requires a ribosome?
translation
which organelles are surrounded by two membranes?
mitochondria, nucleus, and chloroplast
look over this table…everything make sense?
