Review Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing gas laws and thermodynamics concepts.

Atmospheric Pressure

The pressure exerted by the weight of the air on objects, typically measured in kPa, mm Hg, or atm.

Manometers

Instruments used to measure pressure.

Temperature and Pressure Normal (TPN)

0 °C and 101.3 kPa

Temperature Ambiante and Pressure Normal (TAPN)

25 °C and 101.3 kPa

Loi de Boyle-Mariotte (Boyle's Law)

At constant temperature, the volume occupied by a given amount of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas. (P₁V₁ = P₂V₂)

Loi de Charles (Charles's Law)

At constant pressure, the volume occupied by a given amount of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. (V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂)

Loi de Gay-Lussac (Gay-Lussac's Law)

At constant volume, the pressure of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. (P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂)

Loi d'Avogadro (Avogadro's Law)

At the same conditions of temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its number of moles. (V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂)

Volume Molaire Gazeux (Molar Gas Volume)

The volume occupied by one mole of gas under defined conditions of temperature and pressure (22.4 L at TPN and 24.5 L at TAPN).

Relation P-n (Pressure-Mole Relation)

At the same temperature and volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its number of moles. (P₁/n₁ = P₂/n₂)

Chaleur (Heat)

The transfer of thermal energy between two systems at different temperatures in contact with each other.

Température (Temperature)

A measure of the agitation of particles in a system; higher temperature means more intense agitation.

Loi de la conservation de l'énergie (Law of Conservation of Energy)

The energy can be transfered or transformed but it is impossible to create or destroy.

Système ouvert (Open system)

Allows the exchange of matter and energy with the external environment.

Système isolé (Isolated system)

Does not allow any exchange of matter or energy with the external environment.

Système fermé (Closed system)

Allows the exchange of energy with the external environment, but does not allow matter to pass.

Calorimètre (Calorimeter)

An instrument used to study the heat involved in certain chemical or physical transformations; it constitutes an isolated system.

Types de mouvements des particules de matière (types of movements of particles of matter)

Vibration, Rotation, Translation

Loi de Graham (Graham's Law)

A gas will diffuse more rapidly than a gas that is heavy.