Mid Pharma 2024 - First Semester Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts from the Mid Pharma 2024 first semester review, including drug properties, mechanisms, and interactions.

What type of drug is Salicylate?

Synthetic drug

What are volatile chemicals dissolved in alcohol called?

Spirit

A drug with 1% absorption is likely administered via which route?

Topical (likely)

Which route of administration is used for systemic effects?

Sublingual

What is the most important means by which drugs enter the body?

Lipid diffusion

What can be done to the urine to decrease excretion of a basic drug?

Alkalization

What is the fluid volume required to accommodate the entire drug called?

Volume of distribution

If a drug in the body is 100mg and the concentration is 40mg/L, what is the volume of distribution?

2.5L

Give an example of an enzyme inhibitor.

Erythromycin

If elimination is 20 and concentration is 5, what is the drug clearance?

Clearance = 4

Give an example of an enzyme-linked receptor.

Insulin receptor

Which type of receptor is Tyrosine kinase?

Enzyme-linked receptor

Give an example of an ion channel receptor.

Nicotinic acetylcholine

If drug X has the same maximal response as epinephrine, what is it?

Full agonist

In a graph showing potency, what does a curve 'C' that is to the right of curve 'B' indicate?

C is less potent than B

What incompatibility occurs when insulin is mixed in a syringe?

Pharmaceutical

If drug 1 = 15 and drug 2 = 15, and together they = 35, what type of drug interaction is this?

Synergism

Give an example of a functional antagonist.

Muscarinic with beta agonist

Is Chloramphenicol bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Bactericidal (kills the bacteria)

Which of the following is bactericidal: Aminoglycosides or Sulfonamides?

Aminoglycosides

Sulfonamides + trimethoprim act synergistically, what is this an example of?

Enhancement Pharmacodynamics

Give an example of a short-acting penicillin.

Penicillin G

What happens when repeated agonist administration occurs on a receptor

Downregulation

If a patient with liver cell failure is given warfarin, should you increase or decrease the dose?

Decrease dose

What is an allosteric antagonist?

An antagonist that binds to a site other than the agonist binding site.

What is the effect of CYP450 on a drug?

CYP450 enzymes can either activate or inactivate a drug, thus altering its concentration and duration of action in the body.