compounding

nonsterile, sterile and hazardous

Which graduate is the most accurate?

Graduated cyclinder

What kind of water should be used to clean products?

Purified water

Types of balances

Class III Torsion Balance and Electronic Balance

Class III Torsion Balances are also called what?

Class A balance

Weight limit for external weights being used for Class A balances

More than 1 gram

Weight limit for internal weights being used for Class A balances

1 gram or less

Minimum weighable quantity (MWQ) equation

sensitivity requirement/acceptable error rate

Average MWQ

0.05 or 5%

When should graduates never be used

measuring volume < 20% of capacity

Which product equipment is best for measuring small volumes?

Syringes

Which product equipment is best for measuring viscous liquids?

Syringes

Three types of mortar and pestles

Glass, porcelain, wedgewood

Which motar and pestles are stain resistant?

Glass and porcelain

Which mortar and pestle is best for mixing dry crystals, hard powders, or pulverizing tablets?

Wedgewood

Which mortar and pestle is preferred for sticky/gummy substances and blending powders?

Porcelain

Which mortar and pestle is best for products that contain dye or are oily?

Glass

Which mortar and pestles is great for mixing liquids?

Glass and porcelain

Which mortar and pestle does not grind as well as the others?

Glass

Steel or metal spatulas should be avoided with what?

Corrosive materials or metallic ions

Electric mixing equipment that mixes semi-solids

Homogenizers (electric mortar and pestle)

Electric mixing equipment that grind hard tablets into a rough powder (may need to be further manipulated after)

Grinders

Electronic mixing equipment that presses ointments between rollers that grind and homogenize ingredients

Ointment mills

Heating device that provide direct heat to soften and melt ingredients and to hasten chemical reactions

Hot plate

Hypromellose is derived from what?

Plants

Gelatin is derived from what?

Pork

Ingredients should only be sourced what who?

FDA-registered facilities

Ingredient quality is listed where?

USP National Formulary (USP-NF)

For missing expiration dates on non-sterile products, assign a conservative expiration date of how long

3 years or less from the date recieved

For missing expiration dates on sterile products, assign a conservative expiration date of how long

less than a year from the date recieved

Surfactant that decreases surface tension between liquids and solids

Wetting or Levigating Agents

Wetting/Levigating agent for oil-soluble compounds

Mineral oil

Wetting/Levigating agent for water-soluble compounds

Glycerin, propylene glycol

Surfactant that keep solid particles from settling in liquids

Suspending agents

Dispersants, dispersing agents, and plasticizers are other names for what type of surfactant?

Suspending agents

Examples of suspending agents

Ora-Plus, Ora-Sweet

Surfactant that creates air bubbles to decrease surface tension between liquid and solid

Foaming agents

Surfactant that can also serve as delivery vehicles

Glycols and gels such as Polyethylene glycol (PEG) or poloxamer

Type of surfactant used to mix > 2 immiscible liquids

Emulsifiers

A surfactant with an HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) less than 10 is perfect for mixing what together?

Water into oil (WLO)

A surfactant with an HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) greater than 10 is perfect for mixing what together?

Oil into water (OHW)

Excipient that helps ingredients stick together

Binders

Excipient that helps provide stability and strength

Binders

Starch paste is an example of what kind of excipient?

Binder

Acacia is an example of what kind of excipient?

Binder

Sucrose syrup is an example of what kind of excipient?

Binder

Excipient that helps dilute a product

Diluent

Excipient that helps bulk up a product

Fillers

Lactose is an example of what type of excipient?

Filler

Mannitol is an example of what type of excipient?

Filler

Sorbitol is an example of what type of excipient?

Filler

Starches can be an example of what type of excipients?

Filler, disintegrants

Calcium salts are an example of what type of excipient?

Filler

Cellulose powder is an example of what type of excipient?

Filler

Water, glycerin and alcohol are examples of what kind of excipients?

Diluents

Petroleum is an example of what kind of excipient?

Filler

Mineral oil can be an example of what type of excipients?

Filler, lubricant

Lanolin is an example of what type of excipient?

Filler

Excipient that facilitate the breakup of a tablet after oral administration or adding to a liquid

Disintegrants

Excipient that speeds up absorption of particles

Disintegrants

Alginic acid is an example of what kind of excipient?

Disintegrant

Cellulose products are an example of what kind of excipient?

Disintegrants

Prevent ingredients from sticking to equipment

Lubricants

Glidants improve powder flowability

Lubricants

Magnesium stearate is an example of what kind of excipient

Lubricant

Preservatives should be avoided in which patient population?

Neonates

Keep powders dry and prevent hydrolysis reactions

Adsorbents

Magnesium oxide/carbonate and kaolin are examples of what kind of kind of excipients?

Adsorbent

Anti-foaming agents

Simethicone, dimethicone

Food grade coating excipients that prevent degradation due to oxygen, light and moisture

Shellac, gelatin, gluten

What excipients that is used for enteric coating tablets?

Cellulose acetate phthalate

Gelatin role

Gelling (thickening) agents

Cellulose

Gelling (thickening) agents

Bentonite role

Gelling (thickening) agents

Water activity (Aw) for aqueous compounds

0.6 or higher

Water activity (Aw) for nonaqueous compounds

less than 0.6

BUD for aqueous dosage forms without preservatives

14 days refrigerated

BUD for aqueous dosage forms with preservatives

35 days

BUD for nonaqueous oral liquid dosage forms

90 days

BUD for other nonaqueous dosage forms

180 days

CSPs

Compounded sterile products

SVP

Small volume parenteral

LVP

Large volume parenteral

PPE

Personal protective equipment

PEC

Primary engineering control

LAFW

Laminar airflow workbench

SEC

Secondary engineering control

SCA

Segregated compounding area

CAI

Compounding aseptic isolator

RABS

Restricted access barrier system

IV bag/container with a volume < 100 mL

SVP

IV bag/container with a volume > 100 mL

LVP

PEC (Sterile Hood) ISO Rating

5

SEC (Buffer Room/Area) ISO Rating

7

Anteroom ISO Rating

7 or 8*

The anteroom for hazardous drug compounding must be at what ISO Rating?

ISO 7

What air pressure should buffer rooms for hazardous drug compounding have?

Negative

How many air changes per hour (ACPH) is required for ISO 7?

30 ACPH

How many air changes per hour (ACPH) is required for ISO 7?

20 ACPH

Agar role

Gelling (thickening) agent

Alglnate role

Gelling (thickening) agent