1/29
Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts from AMSCO 2.1–2.8, including colonies types, early settlements, political institutions, economic systems, and major events.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
Corporate colonies
Colonies governed by joint-stock companies or proprietary owners under charters from the crown, often aiming at profit for investors.
Royal colonies
Colonies governed directly by the crown, with governors appointed by the king and greater crown control.
Proprietary Colonies
Colonies granted to individuals or groups (owners) who had authority to govern, by charter from the crown.
Jamestown
First permanent English settlement in North America (1607) founded by the Virginia Company; developed a tobacco-based economy and early colonial governance.
Plymouth
Settlement founded in 1620 by Separatists; known for the Mayflower Compact establishing self-government.
Massachusetts Bay
Puritan colony founded in 1630; emphasized church-centered community and self-government through town meetings and the General Court.
House of Burgesses
First representative assembly in the American colonies, established in Virginia in 1619.
Mayflower Compact
A 1620 social contract creating a civil body politic for self-government among the Pilgrims.
Roger Williams
Puritan minister who advocated religious liberty and fair treatment of Native Americans; founded Rhode Island as a place of religious toleration.
Anne Hutchinson
Puritan dissenter who challenged church authority; banished from Massachusetts and helped establish Rhode Island.
Pennsylvania: Quakers, William Penn
Pennsylvania founded by William Penn as a haven for Quakers; promoted religious tolerance, pacifism, and fair dealings with Native Americans.
Salutary Neglect
British policy of loosely enforcing parliamentary laws in the colonies, allowing autonomy in colonial administration and growth.
Mercantilism
Economic theory that a nation's wealth is measured by its stock of precious metals and that trade should maximize exports and minimize imports, often via regulation.
Acts of Trade and Navigation (Navigation Acts)
British laws restricting colonial trade to English ships and enforcing commodities to flow through England to strengthen the mother country.
Triangular Trade
Atlantic trade network linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas with goods, enslaved people, and raw materials.
Middle Passage
Cruel sea voyage that transported enslaved Africans to the Americas as part of the Triangular Trade.
Trans-Atlantic Trade System
Broad system of exchange between Europe, Africa, and the Americas involving goods, enslaved labor, and commodities.
Indentured Servant
A person who contracted to work for a set number of years in exchange for passage to the colonies and/or room and board.
Headright System
Colonial land grant program offering 50 acres to settlers who paid for another person's passage to America.
Slavery
System of forced, hereditary labor primarily of Africans in the Southern colonies, integral to the plantation economy.
New England economy
Economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, timber, and trade, with strong communal and religious influence.
Middle Colonies economy
Economy characterized by fertile farmland, diverse crops (especially grain), and a mix of urban and rural economies.
Southern Colonies economy
Agrarian region centered on plantations growing tobacco, rice, and indigo, with reliance on enslaved labor.
Bacon’s Rebellion
1676 uprising in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against colonial government; highlighted frontier tensions and class conflict.
Great Awakening
Religious revival movement in the 1730s–1740s emphasizing personal faith and emotional experience; connected to Edwards and Whitefield.
Jonathan Edwards
Key Great Awakening preacher known for fiery sermons like Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.
George Whitefield
Prominent Great Awakening preacher whose itinerant revivals spread religious enthusiasm across colonies.
King Philip’s War
1675–1676 conflict between New England colonists and Native American groups led by Metacom (King Philip); heavy casualties and territorial changes.
The Zenger Case
1735 libel trial of John Peter Zenger that promoted the idea that truth in reporting is a defense against libel, an early step toward freedom of the press.
The Enlightenment: Two Treatises of Government
John Locke’s 1689 work arguing for natural rights and government by consent; influenced American political thought.