Chapter17

Vocabulary flashcards related to Media, Biological Factors, Psychological Factors, Sociocultural Factors, Suicide, Psychological Disorders and Therapies

Media Reporting on Suicide

Avoid dramatic headlines, details about methods, but provide resource information and share stories of hope and recovery.

Biological Factors in Suicide

Include genetics, low serotonin levels, and poor physical health.

Psychological Factors in Suicide

Psychological disorders (depression, anxiety), traumatic experiences (rape, abuse), and stressful circumstances (loss of loved one/job/house, unwanted pregnancy).

Sociocultural Factors in Suicide

International rate variations, economic conditions, ethnic contexts, culture of honor societies, and gender.

Suicide Statistics

Approximately 47,000 deaths per year, 10th leading cause of death, with firearms being the most common method.

Action Plan for Suicide Prevention

Ask direct questions, be a good listener, treat threats seriously, encourage professional help, learn warning signs, keep them safe, be there, help them connect, and follow up.

Warning Signs of Suicide

Talk about wanting to die, hopelessness, increased substance use, changes in sleeping patterns, rage, seeking revenge, looking for a way to kill oneself, feeling like a burden, anxiety, agitation, recklessness, withdrawal, and extreme mood swings.

Behavioral Therapies

Treatments based on behavioral and cognitive theories of learning, using principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior.

Classical Conditioning Techniques

Teach a client a learned behavior.

Operant Conditioning

Behavior can be unlearned.

Cognitive Therapies

Treatments emphasizing that thoughts are the main source of psychological problems and attempt to change individual's feelings + behaviors by changing thoughts.

Therapy Integrations

Combinations of techniques from different therapies based on therapist's judgements of what method will provide greatest benefit for the client.

Stress Vulnerability Model

People with genetic markers for schizophrenia have a physical vulnerability to the disorder, but will not develop it unless they are exposed to environments of emotional stress at critical periods of development.

Expressed Emotion

Degree to which a relative displays critical, hostile, or emotionally overinvolved attitudes towards patients.

Paranoid Schizophrenia

Dilusions of grandeur.

Catatonic Schizophrenia

Striking motor disturbances, muscular rigidity, catatonic stupor.

Disorganized Schizophrenia

Incoherence, social withdrawal.

Undifferentiated Schizophrenia

Mixture of schizophrenic symptoms.

Psychoanalytic Therapies

Stress importance of unconscious mind and childhood experiences in development of problems.

Dream Analysis

Interprets a person's dreams.

Transference

Client's relating to psychoanalyst in ways that reproduce or relive important relationships in individual's life.

Humanistic Therapies

Treatments, unique in emphasis on client's self-healing capacities, that encourage clients to understand themselves and to grow personally.

Client-Centered Therapy

Warm supportive atmosphere to gain insight to problems.

Reflective Speech

Therapist mirrors client's own feelings back to client.

Psychotherapy

Nonmedical process that helps individuals with psychological disorders recognize their fears and overcome them.

Biological Therapies

Reduce / eliminate symptoms of psychological disorders by altering aspects of bodily functions.

Psychiatrist

Mental health professional who has completed medical school and can prescribe medications.

Therapeutic Alliance

The relationship between the therapist and client, an important element of successful psychotherapy.

Insight vs. Symptoms and Skill Development

Treatments that gain insight into deeper causes of a problem vs. immediate symptoms and skills to manage those symptoms.

Directive vs. Nondirective Therapy

Therapists are outspoken in advice and active in client's life vs. prompt client to drive interaction and therapist takes less active role in treatment.

Antianxiety Drugs

Medications that makes individuals calmer and less excitable.

Benzodiazepines

Fast acting antianxiety drugs that can be addictive.

Antidepressant Drugs

Medications that regulate mood.

Lithium

Medication used to stabilize mood in bipolar disorder.

Antipsychotic Drugs

Medications that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension and hallucinations, and improve sleep, but does not cure schizophrenia.

Tardive Dyskinesia

Involuntary movement of facial muscles; a side effect of antipsychotic drugs.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A medical procedure to treat severe depression.

Psychosurgery

Brain surgery, a biological form of therapy, to alleviate psychological disorders.

Prefrontal Lobotomy

Severing the prefrontal cortex from the rest of the brain.