social lst unit yay

Internationalism

A principle that emphasizes the importance of nations and nation-states being involved in international affairs.

Hegemonic Internationalism

World being integrated based on unequal terms with the dominance of one nation or nation state over others.

Historical Examples of Hegemonic Internationalism

Colonialism, imperialism.

Revolutionary Internationalism

Conflicts within societies are determined by international factors and alliances.

Contemporary Examples of Revolutionary Internationalism

Feminism, environmentalism, Black Lives Matter.

Liberal Internationalism

Through greater interaction and cooperation, nations and nation states can achieve common goals, especially peace and prosperity.

Examples of Liberal Internationalism

League of Nations, United Nations, NGO's, free trade.

Peacekeeping

Preventing further conflict between parties after a ceasefire has been negotiated.

Requirements for Peacekeeping

Requires consent of parties where conflict has occurred.

Peacemaking

Peaceful intervention to stop a conflict or prevent its spread by bringing hostile parties together on an agreement.

Isolationism

Foreign policy in which a nation-state chooses not to become involved in the affairs of other nations either militarily or through trade.

Example of Isolationism

USA before WWII (Example: USA does not join League of Nations).

UN

United Nations: Replaces league of nations → maintaining international peace.

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization → Military security.

NAFTA

North American Free Trade Agreement → Economic security between Canada, US, and Mexico.

Moral Imperative

Something you do because it is the right thing to do → humanitarianism.

Multilateralism

Various nations or nation-states cooperate to pursue their interests and goals beyond their national borders.

Example of Multilateralism

European Union.

Unilateralism

One state or nation-state acts independently to pursue its interests.

Example of Unilateralism

USA (or other world superpowers).

Bilateralism

Two nations or nation-states cooperate to pursue each nation's interests.

Example of Bilateralism

Canada and the United States.

Foreign Aid

Money/resources given to one country from another (typically in times of need).

Canada's Foreign Aid Goal

Canada aims to donate 0.7% GDP to eradicate poverty around the world.

Canada's Foreign Aid Contribution (2007)

As of 2007, they were donating 0.28% GDP.

Supranationalism

Nations putting aside their self-interest to work with other nations for the good of the collective.

Well being of the whole

Placed above the well being of one particular nation.

UN's Mission Statement

Maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, cooperate in solving international problems, promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms.

African Union (AU)

53 African Nations as of 2008 with the goal of stabilizing Africa, eradicating poverty, placing African countries on a path to sustainable growth and development, halting marginalization of Africa in globalization, and enhancing integration in the global economy.

WTO

World Trade Organization, a group of nation-states who work together to resolve trade issues and promote free trade, which lessens government involvement in trade.

Civil Society

Collective actions of people based on shared interests, which may result in groups like NGOs and faith-based organizations.

Global Civil Society

A society of uncoerced (not forced) civilian action.

IGO

Intergovernmental Organization, for example, the United Nations.

INGO

International non-governmental organization, examples include World Vision and Red Cross.

European Union

Established in 1950 by French Foreign Minister Robert Shuman to build cooperative and peaceful relationships in Europe.

Brexit

United Kingdom's withdrawal from the EU, following a referendum in June 2016 where 52% voted in favor of leaving.

Valid votes

33,551,983, which accounts for 99.92% of total votes.

Invalid or blank votes

25,359, which accounts for 0.08% of total votes.

Total votes

33,577,342, which is 100% of the votes.

Registered voters and turnout

46,500,001 with a turnout of 72.21%.

Voting age population and turnout

51,356,768 with a turnout of 65.38%.

Negotiations

UK wants tariff-free trade to be part of the European Single Market while the EU wants EU Nationals to have unchecked rights to live and work in the UK.

Brexit Today

UK left the EU on January 31, 2020, leading to significant disruption of trade and an exodus of European workers from the UK.

Euroscepticism

Criticism and strong opposition to the European Union with the potential that other countries will follow suit after the UK has decided to leave.