Ch.+21+The+French+&+Haitian+Revolution+&+Napoleon+(2019) (1)

chp 21 unit 6 in apwh books

What concept did the ancien régime in medieval kingship signify?

It represented the idea of divine right, where the king's authority was seen as divinely ordained.

What was the impact of Enlightenment ideas on kingship?

Kings became seen as responsible to their citizens.

Who was a major Enlightenment thinker associated with the social contract?

John Locke, who believed government is created to protect the people.

Which Enlightenment thinker advocated for tolerance?

Voltaire.

What was Jean-Jacques Rousseau known for in Enlightenment thought?

He emphasized the equality of all individuals.

What major conflict did the Seven Years' War result in concerning taxation?

It led to over taxation and financial burdens on the colonies.

What was a significant outcome for Britain after the Seven Years' War?

British victory over the French ensured global dominance.

What was the reaction of the 13 American colonies to British taxation after the Seven Years' War?

They protested against various acts such as the Sugar Act and Stamp Act.

What was the Boston Tea Party a protest against?

The Tea Act of 1773.

What does 'no taxation without representation' mean in the context of the American Revolution?

Colonists believed they should not be taxed by a government they had no representation in.

What significant document was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776?

The Declaration of Independence.

What was a key advantage for the colonies during the Revolutionary War?

Logistical advantages and popular support.

What event marked the end of the American Revolutionary War?

The Peace of Paris in 1783, which recognized American independence.

What financial issues contributed to the French Revolution?

Serious fiscal problems including war debts and high taxes.

What significant event did the Estates General lead to in 1789?

The conflict between the nobility and the bourgeoisie, leading to the Tennis Court Oath.

What was the outcome of the storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789?

It symbolized the uprising against the abuses of the monarchy.

What did the National Assembly aim to create during the French Revolution?

A constitutional monarchy similar to that of England.

What idea did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen advocate?

It established the equality of men and individual rights, although it excluded women initially.

Who led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?

Maximilien Robespierre.

What was a key consequence of Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812?

It led to a disastrous retreat and significant losses for his army.

What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna in 1815?

To restore monarchies and create a balance of power in Europe after Napoleon's reign.

What was the significance of the Haitian Revolution?

It was the only successful slave revolt, leading to Haiti becoming the first black republic.

Who was François-Dominique Toussaint and why was he important?

He was a freed slave who became a leader of the Haitian Revolution and Governor for Life of Haiti.

What key social changes did the National Assembly introduce during the French Revolution?

They abolished the old social order, seized church lands, and redefined clergy roles.

What did the phrase 'liberty, equality, fraternity' encapsulate during the French Revolution?

The core ideals of the Revolution advocating for social and political rights.

What led to the radicalization of the French Revolution by 1793?

War with Austria and Prussia, along with the execution of the King.