Abdomen - Condensed

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Age-related Abdominal Changes

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23 Terms

1

Age-related Abdominal Changes

Aging adult shows decreased muscle tone, delayed gastric emptying, and impaired liver function

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2

Abdominal Exam Sequence

Steps: Inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate (light to deep)

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3

Abdominal Quadrants

Divisions: Right Upper (RUQ), Left Upper (LUQ), Right Lower (RLQ), Left Lower (LLQ)

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4

RUQ Organs

Organs: Liver, gallbladder, duodenum, pancreas head, right kidney

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5

LUQ Organs

Organs: Stomach, spleen, left lobe of liver, pancreas body, left kidney

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6

RLQ Organs

Organs: Cecum, appendix, right ovary, ureter, spermatic cord

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7

LLQ Organs

Organs: Sigmoid colon, left ovary, ureter, spermatic cord

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8

Bowel Sounds

Types: Normal, hypoactive, hyperactive; Listen in RLQ for initial assessment

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9

Percussion in Abdomen

Expected findings: Tympany (air in intestines), dullness (solid organs, fluid)

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10

Mass Identification

Characteristics: Location, size, shape, consistency, mobility, tenderness

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11

Liver Palpation

Place hand under right costal margin, press deeply, feel for edge

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12

Kidney Palpation

Use duck-bill position, press deeply in flank; Left kidney rarely palpable

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13

Rebound Tenderness

Sign of peritoneal irritation; Apply pressure then release quickly, observe for pain

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14

Inspection of Abdomen

Assess contour, symmetry, umbilicus, and skin; Look for bulges or masses

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15

Aortic Aneurysm

Signs: Pulsating mass, bruit; Typically found below renal arteries

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16

Hernia Types

Umbilical, epigastric, incisional; Protrusion of intestines through abdominal wall

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17

Diastasis Recti

Separation of abdominal muscles, visible ridge along midline; Often seen in newborns

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18

Light Palpation

Method: Press 1 cm deep, gentle rotating motion; Assesses surface characteristics

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19

Deep Palpation

Method: Press 5-8 cm deep, moving clockwise; Detects organ enlargement

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20

Auscultation Order

Begin in RLQ, listen in all quadrants; Use diaphragm lightly on skin

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21

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

Loud, rushing sounds; May indicate gastroenteritis, diarrhea, or bowel obstruction

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22

Absent Bowel Sounds

Listen for 5 minutes; Sign of possible paralytic ileus or obstruction

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23
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